Kernel Power

=Kernel for Power Users=

The enhanced kernel "kernel-power" is compatible with PR1.2, contain lots of additional features (IPv6, NAT etc) and bugfixes. The kernel can be installed via Application manager from the System section. Installation of the customization package Kernel-Power-Settings is sufficient, as it depends on the kernel page.

The custom kernel contains additional modules for IPv6, packet filtering, QoS, NAT, tunneling, kernel configuration, Wifi mesh networking, builtin ext3 for booting from other media, ext4, XFS, reiserfs, NTFS read support, ISO9660, UDF, CIFS, automounter, squashfs, unionfs, device mapper and dm-loop, cryptography, cryptoloop, EFI partitions, UTF8 codepages, mouse+joystick input, PPP, PPTP, serial support, USB/IP and generic USB device drivers, battery info, overclocking and kexec support.

'''Note: This page is under construction and based on the overclocking/undervolting instructions. Hence the heavy bias to overclocking.''' For overclocking it includes a large set of possible frequencies (125MHz-1.15GHz) which you manually set and try out without flashing a new kernel. The defaults are set to the standard 250-600MHz range. You can also fine tine the voltages for your device for power-saving. Every device is different.

talk.maemo.org: Discussion of the enhanced kernel

Changes between versions are announced on the garage page.

Installation of the kernel
Note: all commands on this page must be run as root in X Terminal (install rootsh package and enter "sudo gainroot")

Installation of the stable kernel from extras
With this kernel you can change the frequency limits, the voltages and DSP frequencies online. It requires firmware PR1.1 or newer.
 * 1) Install the package   (section system in Application manager). It will automatically also install.
 * 2) shutdown and boot again. There's no need for reflashing etc.

See below for configuration information

Installation of the experimental kernel from extras-devel
This kernel version contains additional experimental features and patches. Changelogs are posted on Garage.
 * 1) Install the package "Enhanced kernel for power users" (section system in HAM).
 * 2) shutdown and boot again. There's no need for reflashing etc.

See below for configuration information

Verification of proper installation
First verify, that the kernel is actually running: uname -r should return "2.6.28.10power-omap1" or "2.6.28.10power -omap1" If it does not, you should reboot or try to install again apt-get install --reinstall -y kernel-power kernel-power-flasher reboot, and test again.

Upgrade from older versions (< maemo24)
The kernel package was previously called kernel-flasher-maemo. Unfortunately Application Manager does not support package transitions. If you have one of the older packages installed it is recommended that you upgrade in X Terminal sudo gainroot apt-get install -y kernel-power-flasher apt-get remove kernel-flasher-maemo If the new kernel still doesn't boot up, try apt-get install --reinstall -y kernel-power kernel-power-flasher Also try other hints for deinstalling the old package.

Make sure you reset /etc/pmconfig to the defaults: enable_off_mode 1 sleep_while_idle 1 sr_vdd1_autocomp 0 sr_vdd2_autocomp 0 clocks_off_while_idle 1 voltage_off_while_idle 1 scaling_governor ondemand scaling_max_freq 600000 scaling_min_freq 125000 sleep_ind 1
 * 1) Power management configuration file

Deinstallation
Do not try to deinstall the package in Application Manager! It does not work.

For all kernels the safest method for deinstallation is the following: sudo gainroot apt-get install --reinstall -y kernel kernel-flasher apt-get remove -y kernel-power kernel-power-modules ... /lib/modules/current -> 2.6.28-omap1
 * 1) make sure you have a working Internet connection (and possibly wait a little bit until the updates are downloaded)
 * 2) make sure the package rootsh (Section system) is installed
 * 3) close Application manager
 * 4) execute the following in X-Terminal
 * 1) if it finishes successfully (with "SIGTERM received" and "Image flashed successfully" messages) then you can continue with
 * 1) after successful deinstallation the comand "ls -l /lib/modules/current" should show
 * 1) shutdown (without USB cable or charger connected) and boot again
 * 2) your device should now be running the stock kernel

If the device fails to boot or you have other problems, perform the deinstallation from PC with USB cable and flasher utility: flasher-3.5 -f --flash-only=kernel -R -F  The firmware image file could be, for example, RX-51_2009SE_3.2010.02-8_PR_COMBINED_MR0_ARM.bin This is only way of deinstallation with leaked release 1.2 firmware.
 * 1) Make sure you have a version 28 or later from extras-testing installed (it fixes the broken /sbin/preinit)
 * 2) for older versions it is not guaranteed that this method will work without a complete reflash.
 * 3) execute the following on your PC (see this for more details)

If you have the kernel from extras-testing (>v27), there is a "Deinstall kernel" application in your menu. This applications is, however, still experimental (for >v27 it is more stable). Only use if have can fall back to reflashing the kernel using the flasher (see below) in case of problems. Read the instructions carefully when you start the deinstall application!

Upgrading to a new PR
There are two ways of upgrading the firmware to a new Nokia public release (PR): For the latter you first deinstall the power-user kernel, upgrade to the PR, and then install the power-user kernel after the successful upgrade again. If you had kernel-power-settings installed, you need to reinstall it too. Your settings should not be affected by the removal and reinstallation.
 * 1) reflashing the complete firmware. In this case you simply reinstall the kernel after the upgrade. The settings should be restored by the backup application.
 * 2) Over The Air (OTA) upgrade: this upgrades only system components of your device. If the PR delivers a new kernel (currently, PR1.1 and PR1.2) then it is recommened to perform the upgrade with the Nokia kernel.

Holding a specific kernel version
If your manually installed kernel should be not upgraded to the one in extras* try this: echo kernel-power-flasher hold | dpkg --set-selections echo kernel-power hold | dpkg --set-selections echo kernel-power-modules hold | dpkg --set-selections to unlock the version: echo kernel-power-flasher install | dpkg --set-selections echo kernel-power install | dpkg --set-selections echo kernel-power-modules install | dpkg --set-selections

Configuring the kernel settings (of the stable version from extras)
These instructions refer to kernel-power-flasher v24 and kernel-power-settings 0.3. This kernel makes it possible to dynamically change the maximum frequency up to 1.15GHz (supported frequencies are 125,250,500,550,600,700,750,805,850,900,950,1000,1100,1150MHz). WARNING: Overclocking may damage your device and is at your own risk! It may void your warranty and destroy your data. You have been warned.

For more details on voltages read Overclocking.

Make sure the packages kernel-power-settings and rootsh are installed. All commands need to be run as root user. If you are normal user in X Terminal enter "sudo gainroot".

1) to try a configuration (you can replace "ideal" with default, lv, ulv, xlv or specify a file you created based on the template /usr/share/kernel-power-settings/default ) /usr/sbin/kernel-load /usr/share/kernel-power-settings/ideal Note: do NOT modify the files in /usr/share/kernel-power-settings/! see 'Creating your own configuration: below.

2) to permanently install a default configuration rm -f /etc/default/kernel-power ln -s /usr/share/kernel-power-settings/ideal /etc/default/kernel-power 3) or your own config rm -f /etc/default/kernel-power cp /etc/default/kernel-power 4) and to immediately apply it /usr/sbin/kernel-load

For beginners: first reboot. then try 1) and check whether the device is stable. then do 2).

Creating your own configuration 5) copy the template to your mydocs (when not in mass storage mode) cp /usr/share/kernel-power-settings/ideal /home/user/MyDocs/kernel.txt 6) edit the file /home/user/MyDocs/kernel.txt. The defaults are VDD1_OPPS_VSEL="30 30 38 48 54 48 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 72 72" DSP_OPPS_RATE="90 90 180 360 400 430 430 430 430 500 500 500 500 520 520" MIN_FREQ=250000 MAX_FREQ=599000 SMARTREFLEX_VDD1=0 SMARTREFLEX_VDD2=0 For changing the frequency range change MIN_FREQ/MAX_FREQ (see "Temporary change of the frequency limits" below ). Either edit the file with an editor on your device (e.g., leafpad) or USB mount it to edit it on the PC. unmount and unplug USB. After editing load the configuration with /usr/sbin/kernel-load /home/user/MyDocs/kernel.txt and repeat 6) until you're happy.
 * 1) UP_THRESHOLD=75
 * 2) SAMPLING_RATE=150000

7) to permanently install this new configuration rm -f /etc/default/kernel-power cp /home/user/MyDocs/kernel.txt /etc/default/kernel-power /usr/sbin/kernel-load

8) to reset the device to the defaults use rm -f /etc/default/kernel-power /usr/sbin/kernel-load /usr/share/kernel-power-settings/default

Note: the package automatically detects whether a certain misconfiguration has caused reboot loop. It your device reboots twice within 5 minutes, it will load the default settings (250-600Mhz) so that you can fix or remove the invalid configuration file. This also means that, when for some reason you manually reboot too quickly (<5min) your configuration will not be loaded. To load it nonetheless run after booting /usr/sbin/kernel-load

Temporary change of the frequency limits
sudo gainroot echo 250000 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq echo 599000 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_min_freq cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq The last line shows which values were actually set. To set 125MHz use 124999, for 600MHz 599999, for everthing else x000 with x=MHz. This setting takes effect immediately and is cleared with the next reboot.

Permanent configuration of the frequency limits
WARNING: Permanent overclocking is very dangerous!

Install kernel-power-settings and follow the above instructions.

Configuring the kernel settings (of the experimental version from extras-devel)
These instructions refer to kernel-power-flasher >=v25 and kernel-power-settings >=0.5.

The instructions are not yet available but read this for the features and this mini-tutorial in the meantime.

Battery
In kernels version >=maemo20 you can read out the current battery info: modprobe bq27x00_battery cat /sys/class/power_supply/bq27200-0/capacity cat /sys/class/power_supply/bq27200-0/voltage_now cat /sys/class/power_supply/bq27200-0/current_now cat /sys/class/power_supply/bq27200-0/temp


 * 'capacity' value in percentage of battery level.
 * 'voltage_now' value in mV of battery voltage level.
 * 'current_now' value in mA of battery current consumption. (???)
 * 'temp' value in degrees C of battery temperature.

To remove this kernel module use:

rmmod bq27x00_battery

or reboot.

With kernel-power-settings >=0.6 the module can be loaded on boot. Just execute this once: sudo gainroot echo bq27x00_battery >> /etc/modules

JoikuSpot
seems to work. read this post.

= Remarks =

echo > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/avoid_frequencies similarily, individual frequencies can be disabled in >=v25 echo 125000 250000 750000 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/avoid_frequencies
 * 1) even if 125Mhz is disabled, the telephone app will always try to set the minimum freq. to 125Mhz after a phone call, but it is ignored unless you enable 125Mhz.
 * 2) if you enable 125MHz also set  "echo 1 > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/ignore_nice_load" hint
 * 3) the 125MHz issue
 * 4) Installing another version of the enhanced kernel will just overwrite the older version. The stock kernel modules are preserved so that you can simply reflash the stock kernel via USB.
 * 5) If you for some reason get errors like this during removal or installation  "rm: cannot remove '/lib/modules/2.6.28.10maemo-lv-omap1/modules.*': No such file or directory".try this workaround. There was a bug in one of the early LV kernels but it should be fixed in more recent versions.
 * 6) This kernel will not conflict with the future PR1.2 upgrade. The upgrade will, however, overwrite this kernel and you'll have to install it again.
 * 7) The screen calibration in settings crashes immediately. It is a known bug in the calibration app, not in the kernel. It's mentioned in the kernel package description and is due to additional evdev (joystick,mouse) support. Just calibrate once with the stock kernel before you install the fully featured kernel.
 * 8) The kernel supports 125MHz but this frequency is disabled by default in avoid_frequencies. In version <25, it is enabled by specifying "124999", in later versions it is disabled in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/ondemand/avoid_frequencies and can be enabled with