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Py2deb

Revision as of 21:48, 2 March 2009

On the maemo platform, software is distributed using the Debian package system. If you don't develop in Scratchbox, but directly on the device, you need a tool to properly put together your software for distribution as such a .deb package. For this, you can either use PyPackager or py2deb, both developed by Khertan:

• Use PyPackager to build a .deb package for redistribution in maemo.org/downloads, on your private homepage or wherever
• Use Py2Deb to prepare a package structure suitable for autobuilder, so that users can later download it directly from the Extras repository using the Application Manager of the tablets.

Using PyPackager is quite easy and is covered in the linked article. The maemo fork of Py2Deb however is a bit trickier to use - this article explains my experience in repackaging mClock for the autobuilder.

Prerequisites

• Create a folder /myapp under your /MyDocs/myapp/src folder (e.g. "/mclock/src"). It will contain:

* A subfolder /src that contains all your source files in a folder structure which corresponds to the way your app files will install on the device (.e.g /src/usr/mclock)
* The icon for your software package (e.g. mclock.png, 26x26 pixels), the one that will be visible for your package in the application manager.
* A copy of the "build_myapp.py" file, named and edited to your needs (e.g. build_mclock.py)

Install py2deb

Install python2.5-py2deb (it can be found in the extras-devel repository)

Setup a buildmyapp.py code snippet

Using py2deb means building a python-based build code snippet as seen below. Save your file in the SAME folder where put your source files!

 #!/usr/bin/python2.5
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 ## This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify
 ## it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published
 ## by the Free Software Foundation; version 2 only.
 ##
 ## This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 ## but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 ## MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 ## GNU General Public License for more details.
 ##
 import py2deb
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     try:
         os.chdir(os.path.dirname(sys.argv[0]))
     except:
         pass
     print 
 
     p=py2deb.Py2deb("mclock")   #This is the package name and MUST be in lowercase! (using "mClock" failed miserably...)
     print 'test1'
     p.description="A simple clock for maemo, incl. a day/night world map.\nPress D-Pad or bottom left to switch view mode.\nESC to exit.\nLeft/right D-Pad (or touching l/r border of screen)\nto change season."
     p.author="Tom Waelti"
     p.mail="twaelti@gmail.com"
     p.depends = "python2.5 (>= 2.5.1-1osso5),  python2.5-osso, python2.5-gnome (>= 2.18.0-1osso3), python2.5-pygame"
     p.section="user/other"
     p.icon = "/home/user/MyDocs/mClock.png"
     p.arch="any" should be all for python, any for all  arch
     p.urgency="low"not used in maemo onl for deb os
     p.distribution="diablo"
     p.repository="extras-devel"
     p["/usr/lib/mClock"] = ["mClock.py","sun.py",]
     p["/usr/share/applications/hildon"] = ["mClock.desktop",]
     p["/usr/share/dbus-1/services"] = ["mClock.service",]
     p["/usr/share/icons/hicolor/48x48/hildon"] = ["mclock.png",]
     p["/usr/share/mClock/img"] = ["0-Night.jpg","1-Winter-January.jpg","2-Spring-April.jpg","3-Summer-July.jpg","4-Fall-October.jpg","sun.png",]
     p["/usr/share/pixmaps"] = ["mclock.png",]
     p["/usr/bin"] = ["mClock",]
 
     print p
     r = p.generate("0.5.6","2",changelog="Correctly position sun icon centered on sun position. New build process for Extras repository.",tar=True,dsc=True,changes=True,build=False,src=True)
     print r

Run your buildmyapp.py code

Open "X Terminal" on your device and change directory into your folder (e.g. "cd /home/user/MyDocs/mclock"). Then run your code using the FULL PATH to your buildmyapp.py (e.g. "python /home/user/MyDocs/myflatsource/buildmyapp.py" in Xterm). py2deb will now package your files and in the process also ask you for your PGP/GPG passphrase so that it can sign your source package. Once this is done successfully, your source folder will contain a number of new files, e.g.

• mclock_0.5.6-2.changes (the changelog)
• mclock_0.5.6-2.dsc (the package description)
• mclock_0.5.6-2.tar.gz (the packed source files)

Upload to autobuilder

Now you can simply enter xterm and upload your package using scp (Secure Copy):

scp *5.6* youraccountname@garage.maemo.org:/var/www/extras-devel/incoming-builder/diablo

In this example, *5.6* is a wildcard so that all the files mentioned under the "Run your buildmyapp.py code" above get uploaded.

Track autobuilder

A few moments/minutes after your upload, autobuilder will try to build your package. Once it has finished (or failed :-), you will get an email with the result of the autobuild as the subject (e.g. "[diablo]: mclock 0.5.6-2 OK") and some log details in the message body. It will also include a link to the detailed logs (e.g. for [ "https://garage.maemo.org/builder/diablo/mclock_0.5.6-2/" mClock]) so that you can learn more about any errors etc.

Test your package

If your build was OK, you can now refresh your Application Manager (make sure that you did add and enable the extras-devel repository!) and install your application from there. Ask some friends in the maemo community (mailing lists, ITT, IRC) to test your package.

Promote your package

Once testing provided good results, you are ready to promote your package, meaning that it will now become available in the "real" extras repository.

Future

In my opinion, py2deb urgently needs the following features:

• No flat source file hierarchy needed. Instead, I want to be able to feed it a source folder similar to what can be done in PyPackager and it then automatically includes all files/folders under it.
• No manual file destination coding needed. Instead, I want it to auto parse the provided folder structure
• Support for Pre-/Postinstall scripts