Editing KDE on scratchbox for maemo 4

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This article describes how to compile KDE for maemo. It takes the Nokia N810 as example device. It uses the cross-compiling environment scratchbox on an Intel-based computer.

{|align="right" 
    |[[image:Snapshot-ktimetracker-n810.jpg|thumb|400px|Many KDE applications can run on maemo, here: [http://userbase.kde.org/ktimetracker ktimetracker] (click to enlarge).]] 
    |}

== Overview ==
* [http://maemo.org/intro/platform/ '''maemo'''] is the core software stack that runs on mobile devices like Nokia's N810 or N900
* [https://garage.maemo.org/ '''garage'''] is where the projects for maemo are hosted, somewhat compareable to Sourceforge.
* OS2008 is maemo 4.x ([[Codenames|more info]]). Compare it with Debian's Lenny.
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maemo#Diablo '''Diablo'''] is the version (feature upgrade 2008) of maemo. 
* [http://www.scratchbox.org/ '''Scratchbox'''] is a cross-compiling environment to enable you to create software for maemo on an i386.
* [http://www.busybox.net/ '''Busybox'''] is a single binary that allows you to run commands like ls, cat and bunzip2
* [http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hildon '''Hildon'''] is an application framework and desktop shell for maemo, compare it to the role that Plasma plays in KDE 4

= On the Nokia itself =
* [[install openssh on the Nokia N810]]
* install subversion
 ssh root@localhost
 apt-get install subversion

= On your desktop =
You cannot install scratchbox on an X64 computer, so, install an i386 into a VMWare virtual machine. The following describes how to install scratchbox into a SUSE 11.1 32bit installation. It might work same or similar with any Linux.

== Set up scratchbox ==
First, we want to compile a "hello world" program for the Nokia. Here is how.
* Set up VMWare Server 2.0
* Install a virtual machine into VMWare Server, 40GB hard drive, 1024 GB RAM
* Install SUSE Linux 11.2 from DVD. At the bootscreen, type F7 and select '''X86''' instead of '''X86_64'''. That way, you will get a 32bit operating system.
* Take a VMware SNAPSHOT from your virtual machine so you can revert to this state
* Boot your virtual machine
* Set up scratchbox
 root@i386 # useradd -m scratchboxuser
 root@i386 # passwd scratchboxuser
 root@i386 # wget http://repository.maemo.org/stable/diablo/maemo-scratchbox-install_4.1.2.sh
 root@i386 # chmod 777 maemo-scratchbox-install_4.1.2.sh
 root@i386 # ./maemo-scratchbox-install_4.1.2.sh -s /scratchbox
 root@i386 # /scratchbox/sbin/sbox_adduser scratchboxuser
 root@i386 # su - scratchboxuser
* set up the SDK
 scratchboxuser@i386 $ wget http://repository.maemo.org/stable/diablo/maemo-sdk-install_4.1.2.sh
Start the install script and accept all choices:
 scratchboxuser@i386 $ sh maemo-sdk-install_4.1.2.sh
* start scratchbox
 scratchboxuser@i386 $ /scratchbox/login
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > sb-conf select DIABLO_ARMEL

== Re-login ==
To re-login after a reboot of your virtual machine run
 root@i386 $ /scratchbox/sbin/sbox_ctl start
 root@i386 $ su - scratchboxuser
 scratchboxuser@i386 $ /scratchbox/login

== Hello world ==
Now we write the canonical hello world program in C.
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > cat > main.c << EOF
 #include <stdio.h>
 
 int main()
 {
   printf("hello world");
 }
 EOF
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > gcc main.c
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > file a.out
 a.out: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped
* copy the file to your Nokia N810 using scp

=> the file is executable on the Nokia

== Install Qt ==
Now it's time to install qt. 
Add to your /etc/apt/sources.list:
 deb http://repository.maemo.org/extras/ diablo free non-free
 deb-src http://repository.maemo.org/extras/ diablo free
and tell the system to re-read it:
 apt-get update
install the qt development package:
 apt-get install libqt4-dev
verify it has been installed:
 mkdir qttest
 cd qttest/
 cat >main.cpp
 #include <QApplication>
 #include <QPushButton>
 int main(int argc, char ** argv)
 {
   QApplication qa(argc,argv);
   QPushButton* qp=new QPushButton("hello world");
   qp->show();
   return qa.exec();
 }
 qmake -project && qmake && make && ./qttest
 g++ -c -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_SHARED -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/share/qt4/mkspecs/linux-g++ -I. -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/include/qt4/QtGui -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/include/qt4 -I. -I. -o main.o main.cpp
 g++ -Wl,-O1 -o qttest main.o    -L/usr/lib -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread
 qttest: cannot connect to X server

Good - it tries to connect the X server, so it works.

== See graphics ==
To see graphics, you need to start Xephyr. This example shows how to install and run it on SUSE Linux 11.1.
 root@i386 $ yast -i xorg-x11-server-extra
 root@i386 $ Xephyr :4
Now back in your scratchbox 
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > export DISPLAY=:4
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > ./qttest
Now you should see a "hello world" button in a graphical window.

== Install cmake ==
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.6/cmake-2.6.2.tar.gz
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > tar xvzf cmake-2.6.2.tar.gz
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > cd cmake-2.6.2
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > ./bootstrap && make -j4 && make install
I ran into [http://www.cmake.org/pipermail/cmake/2009-February/027065.html this issue], so I created link.txt by compiling cmake in a non-scratchbox environment and copying it over.

== shared-mime-info ==
Shared-mime-info 0.2 or greater is needed for KDE.
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > cd
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > wget http://freedesktop.org/~hadess/shared-mime-info-0.20.tar.bz2
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > bunzip2 shared-mime-info-0.20.tar.bz2
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > tar xvf shared-mime-info-0.20.tar
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > cd shared-mime-info-0.20
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > ./configure && make && make install
Make sure version 0.2 is in place:
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > update-mime-database -v
 update-mime-database (shared-mime-info) 0.19
 [...]
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > update-mime-database -v
 update-mime-database (shared-mime-info) 0.20
 [...]

== kdesupport ==
Compile kdesupport
 apt-get install libboost-dev
 apt-get install libboost-program-options-dev
 apt-get install xsltproc
 svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/trunk/kdesupport
 cd kdesupport
 cmake . && make
If you again get the error about a missing link.txt, try copying /scratcbox/devkits/qemu/bin/qemu-arm-sb from a fremantle installation to /scratchbox/devkits/cputransp/bin and configure your target configuration to use this
 make install

== pcre ==
PCRE is needed for kdelibs
 cd
 curl ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz>pcre-7.9.tar.gz
 tar xvzf pcre-7.9.tar.gz
 cd pcre-7.9
 ./configure && make && make install

== libXslt ==
libxslt is needed for kdelibs
 cd
 curl ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxslt/libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz>libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
 tar xvzf libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz
 cd libxslt-1.1.26
 ./configure && make && make install

== libgif-devel ==
 apt-get install giflib-dev

== kdelibs ==
 cd
 svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/KDE/4.1/kdelibs
 mkdir kdelibs-build
 cd kdelibs-build
 cmake ../kdelibs && make && make install

[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/kdelibs-build] >
 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/kdelibs-build] > kde4-config --version
 Qt: 4.5.2
 KDE: 4.1.4 (KDE 4.1.4)
 kde4-config(8125) KLocalePrivate::initEncoding: Cannot resolve system encoding, defaulting to ISO 8859-1.
 kde4-config: 1.0

Congratulations! Your first kde 4 software is running :)

== gpgme ==
gpgme is needed for kdepimlibs.
 apt-get install libgpgme11-dev libgpg-error-dev

== kdepimlibs ==
 cd                                                                 
 svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/KDE/4.1/kdepimlibs
 cd kdepimlibs
 cmake . && make && make install

== checkinstall ==
Checkinstall is needed to build packages that we will copy.
 wget http://www.asic-linux.com.mx/~izto/checkinstall/files/source/checkinstall-1.6.2.tar.gz
 tar xvzf checkinstall-1.6.2.tar.gz
 make
 make install
Repair installwatch
 vi /usr/local/bin/installwatch
Set 
 FAIL=1
to 
 FAIL=0

== ktimetracker ==
As example application that we want to run on the N810, we take ktimetracker from the KDEPIM package. So, checkout kdepim
 cd
 svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/KDE/4.1/kdepim
 cd kdepim
 cmake . && make
This results in an error, however we go on:
 cd ktimetracker
 make
Now, as checkinstall does not work, we manually put the dependencies into a package:
 ldd ktimetracker
Copy all the files into /root/slash on the N810. Copy the file ktimetracker there. Copy the menu file /usr/local/share/apps/ktimetracker/karmui.rc there.

= back on the N810 =
 cd /root/slash
 export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=.
 ./ktimetracker

= Hints =

== How to make a screenshot ==
Here is how you can trigger a screenshot from command line under maemo:
 apt-get install graphicsmagick
 [http://www.man-wiki.net/index.php/1:gm#GM_IMPORT gm import] -window root rootwindow.jpg

== How to use the SD storage ==
If you want to store your KDE executables on the large /media/mmc1, you have to play some tricks. Remember that your N810 cannot format anything as ext2 (let alone ext3 and ext4). So you have to mount your mini SD card as vfat with all permissions set, so that every file is executable:
 cd 
 umount /media/mmc1
 mount /dev/mmcblk1p1 /media/mmc1 -t vfat -o umask=000

= See also =
* http://techbase.kde.org/Projects/Maemo/kdepim

[[Category:KDE]]
[[Category:Diablo]]

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@@ Line 27: / Line 27: @@
 * Set up VMWare Server 2.0
 * Install a virtual machine into VMWare Server, 40GB hard drive, 1024 GB RAM
-* Install SUSE Linux 11.1 from DVD. At the bootscreen, type F7 and select '''X86''' instead of '''X86_64'''. That way, you will get a 32bit operating system.
+* Install SUSE Linux 11.2 from DVD. At the bootscreen, type F7 and select '''X86''' instead of '''X86_64'''. That way, you will get a 32bit operating system.
 * Take a VMware SNAPSHOT from your virtual machine so you can revert to this state
 * Boot your virtual machine