KDE on scratchbox for maemo 4
This article describes how to compile KDE for maemo. It takes the Nokia N810 as example device. It uses the cross-compiling environment scratchbox on an Intel-based computer.
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Overview
- maemo is the core software stack that runs on mobile devices like Nokia's N810 or N900
- garage is where the projects for maemo are hosted, somewhat compareable to Sourceforge.
- OS2008 is maemo 4.x (more info). Compare it with Debian's Lenny.
- Diablo is the version (feature upgrade 2008) of maemo.
- Scratchbox is a cross-compiling environment to enable you to create software for maemo on an i386.
- Busybox is a single binary that allows you to run commands like ls, cat and bunzip2
- Hildon is an application framework and desktop shell for maemo, compare it to the role that Plasma plays in KDE 4
On the Nokia itself
- install openssh on the Nokia N810
- install subversion
ssh root@localhost apt-get install subversion
On your desktop
You cannot install scratchbox on an X64 computer, so, install an i386 into a VMWare virtual machine. The following describes how to install scratchbox into a SUSE 11.1 32bit installation. It might work same or similar with any Linux.
Set up scratchbox
First, we want to compile a "hello world" program for the Nokia. Here is how.
- Set up VMWare Server 2.0
- Install a virtual machine into VMWare Server, 40GB hard drive, 1024 GB RAM
- Install SUSE Linux 11.1 from DVD. At the bootscreen, type F7 and select X86 instead of X86_64. That way, you will get a 32bit operating system.
- Take a VMware SNAPSHOT from your virtual machine so you can revert to this state
- Boot your virtual machine
- Set up scratchbox
root@i386 # useradd -m scratchboxuser root@i386 # passwd scratchboxuser root@i386 # wget http://repository.maemo.org/stable/diablo/maemo-scratchbox-install_4.1.2.sh root@i386 # chmod 777 maemo-scratchbox-install_4.1.2.sh root@i386 # ./maemo-scratchbox-install_4.1.2.sh -s /scratchbox root@i386 # /scratchbox/sbin/sbox_adduser scratchboxuser root@i386 # su - scratchboxuser
- set up the SDK
scratchboxuser@i386 $ wget http://repository.maemo.org/stable/diablo/maemo-sdk-install_4.1.2.sh
Start the install script and accept all choices:
scratchboxuser@i386 $ sh maemo-sdk-install_4.1.2.sh
- start scratchbox
scratchboxuser@i386 $ /scratchbox/login [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > sb-conf select DIABLO_ARMEL
Re-login
To re-login after a reboot of your virtual machine run
root@i386 $ /scratchbox/sbin/sbox_ctl start root@i386 $ su - scratchboxuser scratchboxuser@i386 $ /scratchbox/login
Hello world
Now we write the canonical hello world program in C.
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > cat > main.c << EOF
#include <stdio.h>
int main()
{
printf("hello world");
}
EOF
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > gcc main.c
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > file a.out
a.out: ELF 32-bit LSB executable, ARM, version 1 (SYSV), for GNU/Linux 2.6.8, dynamically linked (uses shared libs), not stripped
- copy the file to your Nokia N810 using scp
=> the file is executable on the Nokia
Install Qt
Now it's time to install qt. Add to your /etc/apt/sources.list:
deb http://repository.maemo.org/extras/ diablo free non-free deb-src http://repository.maemo.org/extras/ diablo free
and tell the system to re-read it:
apt-get update
install the qt development package:
apt-get install libqt4-dev
verify it has been installed:
mkdir qttest
cd qttest/
cat >main.cpp
#include <QApplication>
#include <QPushButton>
int main(int argc, char ** argv)
{
QApplication qa(argc,argv);
QPushButton* qp=new QPushButton("hello world");
qp->show();
return qa.exec();
}
qmake -project && qmake && make && ./qttest
g++ -c -pipe -O2 -Wall -W -D_REENTRANT -DQT_NO_DEBUG -DQT_GUI_LIB -DQT_CORE_LIB -DQT_SHARED -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/share/qt4/mkspecs/linux-g++ -I. -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/include/qt4/QtCore -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/include/qt4/QtGui -I/targets/DIABLO_ARMEL/usr/include/qt4 -I. -I. -o main.o main.cpp
g++ -Wl,-O1 -o qttest main.o -L/usr/lib -lQtGui -lQtCore -lpthread
qttest: cannot connect to X server
Good - it tries to connect the X server, so it works.
See graphics
To see graphics, you need to start Xephyr. This example shows how to install and run it on SUSE Linux 11.1.
root@i386 $ yast -i xorg-x11-server-extra root@i386 $ Xephyr :4
Now back in your scratchbox
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > export DISPLAY=:4 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > ./qttest
Now you should see a "hello world" button in a graphical window.
Install cmake
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > wget http://www.cmake.org/files/v2.6/cmake-2.6.2.tar.gz [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > tar xvzf cmake-2.6.2.tar.gz [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > cd cmake-2.6.2 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/qttest] > ./bootstrap && make -j4 && make install
I ran into this issue, so I created link.txt by compiling cmake in a non-scratchbox environment and copying it over.
shared-mime-info
Shared-mime-info 0.2 or greater is needed for KDE.
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > cd [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > wget http://freedesktop.org/~hadess/shared-mime-info-0.20.tar.bz2 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > bunzip2 shared-mime-info-0.20.tar.bz2 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > tar xvf shared-mime-info-0.20.tar [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > cd shared-mime-info-0.20 [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > ./configure && make && make install
Make sure version 0.2 is in place:
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > update-mime-database -v update-mime-database (shared-mime-info) 0.19 [...] [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > export PATH=/usr/local/bin:$PATH [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~] > update-mime-database -v update-mime-database (shared-mime-info) 0.20 [...]
kdesupport
Compile kdesupport
apt-get install libboost-dev apt-get install libboost-program-options-dev apt-get install xsltproc svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/trunk/kdesupport cd kdesupport cmake . && make
If you again get the error about a missing link.txt, try copying /scratcbox/devkits/qemu/bin/qemu-arm-sb from a fremantle installation to /scratchbox/devkits/cputransp/bin and configure your target configuration to use this
make install
pcre
PCRE is needed for kdelibs
cd curl ftp://ftp.csx.cam.ac.uk/pub/software/programming/pcre/pcre-7.9.tar.gz>pcre-7.9.tar.gz tar xvzf pcre-7.9.tar.gz cd pcre-7.9 ./configure && make && make install
libXslt
libxslt is needed for kdelibs
cd curl ftp://xmlsoft.org/libxslt/libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz>libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz tar xvzf libxslt-1.1.26.tar.gz cd libxslt-1.1.26 ./configure && make && make install
libgif-devel
apt-get install giflib-dev
kdelibs
cd svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/KDE/4.1/kdelibs mkdir kdelibs-build cd kdelibs-build cmake ../kdelibs && make && make install
[sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/kdelibs-build] > [sbox-DIABLO_ARMEL: ~/kdelibs-build] > kde4-config --version Qt: 4.5.2 KDE: 4.1.4 (KDE 4.1.4) kde4-config(8125) KLocalePrivate::initEncoding: Cannot resolve system encoding, defaulting to ISO 8859-1. kde4-config: 1.0
Congratulations! Your first kde 4 software is running :)
gpgme
gpgme is needed for kdepimlibs.
apt-get install libgpgme11-dev libgpg-error-dev
kdepimlibs
cd svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/KDE/4.1/kdepimlibs cd kdepimlibs cmake . && make && make install
checkinstall
Checkinstall is needed to build packages that we will copy.
wget http://www.asic-linux.com.mx/~izto/checkinstall/files/source/checkinstall-1.6.2.tar.gz tar xvzf checkinstall-1.6.2.tar.gz make make install
Repair installwatch
vi /usr/local/bin/installwatch
Set
FAIL=1
to
FAIL=0
ktimetracker
As example application that we want to run on the N810, we take ktimetracker from the KDEPIM package. So, checkout kdepim
cd svn co https://svn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/KDE/4.1/kdepim cd kdepim cmake . && make
This results in an error, however we go on:
cd ktimetracker make
Now, as checkinstall does not work, we manually put the dependencies into a package:
ldd ktimetracker
Copy all files into /root/slash on the N810
back on the N810
cd /root/slash export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=. ./ktimetracker
Hints
How to make a screenshot
Here is how you can trigger a screenshot from command line under maemo:
apt-get install graphicsmagick gm import -screen image.jpg
Click anywhere on the screen.