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= Configuration =

= Connection Establishment =

On a Maemo device, connections can be easily configured using Maemo PC Connectivity applets. It is possible to configure a Maemo device to use USB, Bluetooth and WLAN connection types.

'''USB''' connection type sets a USB mode (Network, Mass Storage or Host) to be used between a Maemo device and a host PC.

'''Bluetooth''' connection type sets a Bluetooth network over TCP/IP between a Maemo device and a host PC.

'''WLAN''' connection type sets a WLAN ad-hoc network between a Maemo device and a host PC.

On the host PC side (Linux, Windows and Mac OS X), the Host PC Connectivity product provides some tools to make it easier to configure the chosen connection type between the Maemo device and the host PC. Next the configuration of each supported connection type (USB, Bluetooth and WLAN) between the Maemo device and host PC are described briefly.

== Configuring USB Network ==

For Maemo Diablo devices, the USB connection has been configured to '''Mass storage''' mode by default. That is, when connected to a host PC via USB cable, the Maemo device is visible as a memory card for the host PC.

For Fremantle, when a Maemo device is connected to the host PC via USB cable, the Maemo device shows a default pop-up menu where the USB mode can be selected. the choices given are '''Mass storage''' or '''PC Suite''' mode. You must NOT use this default USB pop-up menu if you have installed Maemo PC Connectivity to the N900 device! Just click outside this default USB pop-up menu to close it and use Maemo PC Connectivity widgets to change the USB mode.

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:'''  With the Maemo Fremantle platform and N900 device, if Maemo PC Connectivity has been installed, the USB connection is used in a different way beyond the default '''Mass storage''' and '''PC Suite''' modes and thus ONLY Maemo PC Connectivity applets can be used to change the USB mode for the Maemo N900 device.
|}

For '''USB''' connection type it is possible to set following options for a Maemo device:

; '''Network'''
: sets a USB network over TCP/IP between the Maemo device and host PC.
; '''Mass storage'''
: sets the Maemo device file system to be accessible from the host PC as a memory card.
; '''PC Suite'''
: sets the Maemo device to be accessible by Nokia applications like Nokia PC Suite.
; '''Host'''
: sets the Maemo device to USB Host mode, where it allows external USB devices (such as hard drives, digital cameras, card readers, input devices, and so on) to be connected to the Maemo device, just like to a regular PC.

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:'''  Maemo Diablo [[Nokia N800|N800]] and [[Nokia N810|N810]] devices do not support PC Suite mode. Due to hardware limitations, Maemo Fremantle device [[Nokia N900|N900]] does not support USB Host mode.
|}

The description of how to setup a USB connection to Mass storage, PC Suite and Host modes is skipped, since the configuration is simply to select and apply the desired mode on a Maemo device using Maemo PC Connectivity. Next, it is explained how to configure a USB network over TCP/IP between a Maemo device and host PC through Maemo PC Connectivity. Before that, you must install the maemo-pc-connectivity meta package on the Maemo device and the host-pc-connectivity package on the host PC (Linux, Windows and Mac OS).

=== Configuring USB for Maemo devices ===

To set up a USB network for a Maemo device you need to start PC Connectivity Manager, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_nm_usb_basic|3.1]].

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.1:''' PC Connectivity Manager
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_usb_basic.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_usb_basic]]
|}

Follow these steps to enable USB Networking:

* Disconnect the USB cable from Maemo device
* Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''
* Check '''USB''' option
* Press '''Apply''' button

* Connect the USB cable to the host PC.
* Press the '''Advanced''' button and PC Connectivity Manager switches to advanced mode, if you want to change the default values.
* Change network options such as DHCP Server, IP address, Gateway and Netmask.
* Click on the '''Apply''' button.

The USB Networking must have the following default values, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_nm_usb|3.2]].

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager USB Networking"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.2:''' PC Connectivity Manager USB Networking
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_usb.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_usb]]
|}

* '''DHCP Server:''' enabled
* '''IP address:''' 192.168.2.15
* '''Gateway:''' 192.168.2.14
* '''Netmask:''' 255.255.255.0

Once you have configured your USB Network using PC Connectivity Manager, you can enable or disable it easily by using Connection Switcher from the status bar, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_switcher_usb|3.3]].

{| summary="Connection Switcher dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.3:''' Connection Switcher dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_switcher_usb.png|Image mpc_maemo_switcher_usb]]
|}

If you prefer, you can follow the steps below to configure USB Network manually for a Maemo device (Diablo):

* Run '''Utilities - X Terminal'''
* Type sudo gainroot
* Type insmod /mnt/initfs/lib/modules/2.6.21-omap1/g_ether.ko
* Edit the /etc/network/interfaces file to configure the IP address of the usb0 interface:

The /etc/network/interfaces file should have following entries in it:

auto usb0
 iface usb0 inet static
 address 192.168.2.15
 netmask 255.255.255.0

* Type ifup usb0
* Plug in the USB cable

To disable USB Network manually on a Maemo device (Diablo), follow these steps:

* Run '''Utilities - X Terminal'''
* Type sudo gainroot
* Type ifdown usb0
* Type rmmod g_ether

=== Configuring USB for Linux ===

If you install the host-pc-connectivity package, your Linux host PC is ready for USB Network.

Otherwise, you can configure your Linux host PC manually following the steps below:

On Ubuntu, you need to edit the /etc/udev/rules.d/85-ifupdown.rules file and replace the following line:

SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="?*", GOTO="net_start"

with this line:

SUBSYSTEM=="net", GOTO="net_start"

If this workaround is not done, the usb0 interface does not get its IP address back when you unplug and plug back the Maemo device to the host PC. Therefore, you must restart the network manually with the command /etc/init.d/networking restart to get the usb0 IP address back. This is a known issue on Ubuntu (see the related bug report [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ifupdown/+bug/130437 here]).

On Debian, this workaround is not needed.

Add the following lines to the network configuration file /etc/network/interfaces<nowiki>: </nowiki>

auto usb0
 allow-hotplug usb0

mapping hotplug
 script grep
 map usb0

iface usb0 inet dhcp
 up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.15 -j MASQUERADE
 up echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
 down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.15 -j MASQUERADE
 down echo 0 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

You can now connect the USB cable. With this configuration, you ensure that the ifup usb0 command sets up the IP address correctly on the host PC since it is using DHCP. Also, it allows a Maemo device to access the Internet from the host PC through the usb0 interface.

If you are using VMware:

* Connect USB cable.
* Go to '''VMware - Devices - Netchip RNDIS/Ethernet Gadget''' and click on the '''Connect (Disconnect from host)''' option. If VMware hangs, unplug the USB cable and wait for a short period of time. You get two device in use error messages, one from Native OS and another from VMware (likely because of automatic USB Mass Storage mode).
* Connect the USB cable. Repeat the previous steps if any problems are encountered.

Invoke the sudo ifdown usb0 and sudo ifup usb0 commands. The down/up sequence ensures that the host PC attempts to reconnect the usb0 interface.

If this results in a lot of Failed to bring up usb0 errors, try again a few times. There can be a delay until the host PC and Maemo device become aware of each other. If it does not succeed but no error message is displayed, you can unplug and plug back the USB cable.

Test the usb0 connection with the following command ping 192.168.2.15

If you do not get the ping working, try again a few times. This can be an annoying process, especially in VMware where the USB connection may be automatically configured to Mass Storage mode every time you plug the USB cable into the host PC. It may even require restarting VMware in some cases.

=== Configuring USB for Windows ===

In order to get USB Networking funtioning between a Windows host PC and a Diablo Maemo device, you must replace the original Diablo kernel with a new one that fixes some generic Linux USB Networking issues.

To replace the Diablo kernel, follow these steps:

* Download the file diablo_kernel_usbnet_patch_windows_v0.4.zip from [http://tablets-dev.nokia.com/maemo-dev-env-downloads.php Maemo Development Environment Downloads] page.
* Unzip the file.
* Replace the Diablo kernel by reflashing it using the flasher-3.5 application from the same [http://tablets-dev.nokia.com/maemo-dev-env-downloads.php Maemo Development Environment Downloads] page.

$ flasher-3.5 -k diablo_kernel_usbnet_windows/zImage -f -R

Now, you can get USB Network working between a Diablo Maemo device and a Windows host PC.

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:'''  On Fremantle and the N900 device this kernel fix has already been applied by default.
|}

After reflashing the kernel to the Maemo Diablo device and installing the PC-Connectivity.exe package to the host PC, your Windows host PC is ready for USB Network. That is, Windows detects and configures the Maemo device automatically when you plug in the USB cable. Remember to activate USB Network on your Maemo device before plugging the cable into the Windows host PC.

If you did not enable the '''DHCP''' option for the Maemo device, you need to configure the USB Network address for the host PC through the application available on the Windows Start menu '''Start - Programs - PC-Connectivity - UsbNetworking''', figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_app|3.4]].

{| summary="USB Network address on Windows"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.4:''' USB Network address on Windows
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_usb_app.png|Image mpc_win_usb_app]]
|}

If you do not install the PC-Connectivity package, you have to configure the USB network manually on your Windows host PC. For that, you must follow the steps below:

* Activate USB Network on the Maemo device.
* Plug in the USB cable between the Maemo device and the Windows host PC.
* Windows detects the device.

In the '''Found New Hardware Wizard''', figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_device_found|3.5]], proceed as follows:

{| summary="Windows Found New Hardware Wizard"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.5:''' Windows Found New Hardware Wizard
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_usb_device_found.png|Image mpc_win_usb_device_found]]
|}

* Select the '''No, not this time''' option. Click on the '''Next''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_device_found|3.5]].
* Select the '''Install from a list or specific location (Advanced)''' option. Click on the '''Next''' button.
* Select the '''Don't search, I will choose the driver to install''' option.
* Click on the '''Next''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_choose_driver|3.6]].
* Select the '''Network adapters''' option. Click on the '''next''' button (optional screen).
* Select the '''Have disk''' option. Then, Click on the '''Browser''' button, select the driver (.inf file) and click on the '''OK''' button. The driver is available inside the zip file that was used to fix the Diablo kernel (diablo_kernel_usbnet_patch_windows_v0.4.zip).
* Follow the next steps as with a normal driver installation.

The new USB Network interface is available on the '''Start - Network Connections''' menu.

{| summary="Windows Search and Installation options for USB"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.6:''' Windows Search and Installation options for USB
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_usb_choose_driver.png|Image mpc_win_usb_choose_driver]]
|}

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:''' If you did NOT choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, you need to set up the network using the following information: IP address: 192.168.2.14 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_tcp|3.7]].
|}

To check if the connection is working, go to Windows command prompt and type ping 192.168.2.15.

{| summary="Manual IP Network configuration dialog for USB"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.7:''' Manual IP Network configuration dialog for USB
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_usb_tcp.png|Image mpc_win_usb_tcp]]
|}

=== Configuring USB for Mac OS X ===

To enable USB Network to work on Mac OS X you can follow these steps:

* Activate USB network on the Maemo device.
* Plug in the USB cable between Maemo device and the Mac OS X host PC.
* The following pop-up should appear, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_usb_pop_up|3.8]].
* Click on the '''Network Preferences''' button.
* Click on the '''Apply''' button. Now, you should be able to connect to your Maemo device.

{| summary="New network interface found pop-up dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.8:''' New network interface found pop-up dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_mac_usb_pop_up.png|Image mpc_mac_usb_pop_up]]
|}

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:''' If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, you need to set up the USB network address manually on '''Network panel'''. For example, IP address: 192.168.2.14 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_usb_tcp_properties|3.9]].
|}

{| summary="Network panel configuration dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.9:''' Network panel configuration dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_mac_usb_tcp_properties.png|Image mpc_mac_usb_tcp_properties]]
|}

== Configuring Bluetooth Network ==

With Maemo PC Connectivity, you can configure a Bluetooth network between a Maemo device and a host PC by setting up connection attributes like IP address, network mask, and so on. For that, you have to first install Maemo PC Connectivity to the Maemo device and Host PC Connectivity to the host PC (Linux, Windows or Mac OS X).

=== Configuring Bluetooth for Maemo device ===

In order to set up a Bluetooth network for a Maemo device, you should follow these steps:

* Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''.
* Click on the '''Advanced''' button.
* Select an environment or create a new one.
* Select the '''Bluetooth''' option as shown in Figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth|3.10]].
* Click on '''Search''' to find the host PC.
* Once the host PC is found, mark its name and then click '''Select''', figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search|3.11]].
* The default settings are presented below, you can change them if needed.
* Finally, click on '''Apply''' to enable the Bluetooth network.

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager Bluetooth configuration"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.10:''' PC Connectivity Manager Bluetooth configuration
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth]]
|}

Default values for Maemo device Bluetooth configuration are:

* '''DHCP Server:''' enabled
* '''IP address:''' 192.168.3.15
* '''Gateway:''' 192.168.3.14
* '''Netmask:''' 255.255.255.0
* '''Bluetooth address:''' empty (you should search the host PC to connect to), figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search|3.11]].

{| summary="Searching Bluetooth devices dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.11:''' Searching Bluetooth devices dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search]]
|}

Once you have configured your Bluetooth Network using PC Connectivity Manager, you can enable or disable it easily by using Connection Switcher from the status bar, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_switcher_bluetooth|3.12]].

{| summary="Connection Switcher dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.12:''' Connection Switcher dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_switcher_bluetooth.png|Image mpc_maemo_switcher_bluetooth]]
|}

=== Configuring Bluetooth for Linux ===

After you have installed the host-pc-connectivity package for your Linux host PC, it is ready for the Bluetooth network.

Or you can configure your Linux host PC manually for Bluetooth following the steps given below.

Add these lines to the file /etc/network/interfaces<nowiki>: </nowiki>

auto bnep0
 iface bnep0 inet dhcp
 up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.15 -j MASQUERADE
 up echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
 down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.15 -j MASQUERADE
 down echo 0 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward

Edit the file /etc/default/bluetooth and change these lines:

BLUETOOTH_ENABLED=1
 ...
 PAND_ENABLED=1
 ...
 PAND_OPTIONS="-listen -role=NAP -e bnep0"

Restart the Bluetooth service with the command:

$ sudo /etc/init.d/bluetooth restart

Now your Linux host PC is ready for the Bluetooth network.

=== Configuring Bluetooth for Windows ===

The description of how to configure Bluetooth on a Windows host PC is based on [http://www.bluesoleil.com/ the BlueSoleil application]. BlueSoleil is one of the most popular Windows Bluetooth applications. If you do not use BlueSoleil, the screenshots below can differ from what you see in your host PC, but they can help in understanding what you need to change on your Windows configuration.

You should follow the next steps to get the Bluetooth network configured in your Windows host PC (with BlueSoleil).

* In the '''System tray''', right click on the Bluetooth icon .
* Select the '''Bluetooth Configuration''' option, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_tray|3.13]].
* In the '''Bluetooth Configuration''' dialog, select the '''Accessibility''' tab.
* Check the '''Let other Bluetooth devices discover this computer''' option, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_accessibility|3.14]].
* In the '''Bluetooth Configuration''' dialog, select the '''Local Services''' tab.
* Mark the '''Network Access''' service and click the '''Properties...''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_services|3.15]].
* If you want to share Internet over Bluetooth, select '''Allow other devices to access the Internet/LAN via this computer''' on the '''Select the type of the service to offer remote devices''' option.
* Click on the '''Configure Network Adapter''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_properties|3.16]].
* Double click on the '''Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)''' option, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_network|3.17]].
* For all opened dialogs, press the '''OK''' button.

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:''' If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, type the following information for the network adapter: IP address: 192.168.3.14 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_tcp|3.18]]
|}

{| summary="Bluetooth configuration menu"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.13:''' Bluetooth configuration menu
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_tray.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_tray]]
|}

{| summary="Bluetooth Accessibility dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.14:''' Bluetooth Accessibility dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_accessibility.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_accessibility]]
|}

{| summary="Bluetooth Network Access entry"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.15:''' Bluetooth Network Access entry
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_services.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_services]]
|}

{| summary="Bluetooth Properties dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.16:''' Bluetooth Properties dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_properties.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_properties]]
|}

{| summary="Bluetooth Network properties dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.17:''' Bluetooth Network properties dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_network.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_network]]
|}

{| summary="Network Adapter configuration dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.18:''' Network Adapter configuration dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_tcp.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_tcp]]
|}

=== Configuring Bluetooth for Mac OS X ===

After installing the PC-Connectivity package to the host PC, your Mac OS X is ready for the Bluetooth network.

Otherwise, you can configure your Mac OS host PC manually by following these steps.

* Go to '''System Preferences''' and click on the '''Network''' icon, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_preferences|3.19]].
* Add a new network interface, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_add|3.20]].
* For the '''Interface''' field, select '''Bluetooth PAN''' type.
* For the '''Service Name''' field, write the interface name, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_name|3.21]].
* Press the '''Apply''' button.

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:''' If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, select the newly created '''Bluetooth PAN''' interface and use the '''Manually''' option in the '''Configure''' field. After that, type the following information: IP address: 192.168.3.14 Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_tcp|3.22]]
|}

{| summary="System Preferences dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.19:''' System Preferences dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_preferences.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_preferences]]
|}

{| summary="Adding new network interface"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.20:''' Adding new network interface
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_add.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_add]]
|}

{| summary="Configuring new Bluetooth interface name"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.21:''' Configuring new Bluetooth interface name
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_name.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_name]]
|}

{| summary="Configuring Bluetooth interface network"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.22:''' Configuring Bluetooth interface network
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_tcp.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_tcp]]
|}

== Configuring a WLAN ad-hoc Network ==

With Maemo PC Connectivity, you can configure a WLAN ad-hoc network for your Maemo device. You can set up connection attributes such as IP address, network mask, and so on.

=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for a Maemo device ===

To set up a WLAN ad-hoc network for your Maemo device, you need to perform the following configuration steps.

In Control Panel, open the PC Connectivity Manager widget, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_wlan_basic|3.23]].

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - basic mode"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.23:''' PC Connectivity Manager - basic mode
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_wlan_basic.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_wlan_basic]]
|}

Select the '''WLAN''' check-box and press the '''Apply''' button. A new WLAN ad-hoc connection is created with the following configuration:

* '''DHCP Server:''' Enabled
* '''IP Address:''' 192.168.4.14
* '''Gateway:''' 192.168.4.15
* '''Netmask:''' 255.255.255.0
* '''Essid:''' devel_adhoc
* '''WEP:''' key empty

If you want to change these default values, press the '''Advanced''' button, go to '''WLAN ad-hoc''' connection type and change the values. Then, press the '''Apply''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_wlan|3.24]].

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:'''  By default, the WEP key is not used for new WLAN networks but for security reasons it is highly recommended to set also the wireless key.
|}

The WEP key must have 5, 10 or 13 characters (For example: aaaaa).

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - advanced mode"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.24:''' PC Connectivity Manager - advanced mode
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_wlan.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_wlan]]
|}

Once you have configured your WLAN ad-hoc Network using PC Connectivity Manager, you can enable or disable it easily using Connection Switcher from the status bar, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_switcher_wlan|3.25]].

{| summary="Connection Switcher dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.25:''' Connection Switcher dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_switcher_wlan.png|Image mpc_maemo_switcher_wlan]]
|}

=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Linux ===

The iwconfig command is the configuration utility in Linux for WLAN interfaces. It is used to set the parameters of the network interface, which are specific to the wireless operation. The iwconfig command may also be used to display the parameters and the wireless network statistics. It extracts this information from the /proc/net/wireless file. By typing the iwconfig command without any arguments, it displays the current status of all wireless interfaces on the system.

To configure your host PC to connect with your Maemo device using a WLAN ad-hoc network, you should execute the following steps as root user:

$ ifconfig wlan0 up
 $ iwconfig wlan0 mode Ad-Hoc
 $ iwconfig wlan0 essid devel_adhoc
 $ iwconfig wlan0 key off

{|
|-
| [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
| '''Note:'''  The example below disables the usage of wireless key, but for security reasons it is highly recommended to set also the wireless key.
|}

To set the wireless key for your WLAN ad-hoc network, you should give the following command (using your own key value).

$ iwconfig wlan0 key 6161616161

You must use the same WEP key you used for Maemo device configuration, but as hexadecimal digits (for example, aaaaa is 6161616161 in hexadecimal).

=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Windows ===

To set up a WLAN ad-hoc network that allows others computers to connect to your Windows host PC, follow these steps.

* Connect your Maemo device to devel_adhoc.
* In the '''System Tray''', right click on the wireless icon. Select the '''View Available Wireless Networks''' option, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_tray|3.26]].
* The '''Wireless Network Connection''' window displays the devel_adhoc network on the list. If you do not see devel_adhoc, click '''Refresh network list''' in the upper left corner, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_selection|3.27]].
* Select devel_adhoc, and then click on the '''Connect''' button.
* If you configured the '''WEP Key''' for your Maemo device, the Windows asks you to write that key at this point, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_key|3.28]].

{| summary="View Available Wireless Networks menu"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.26:''' View Available Wireless Networks menu
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_wlan_tray.png|Image mpc_win_wlan_tray]]
|}

{| summary="Choose a wireless network dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.27:''' Choose a wireless network dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_wlan_selection.png|Image mpc_win_wlan_selection]]
|}

{| summary="Wireless network key dialog"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.28:''' Wireless network key dialog
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_win_wlan_key.png|Image mpc_win_wlan_key]]
|}

=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Mac OS X ===

To configure a WLAN ad-hoc network for your Mac OS X host PC, follow these steps.

* Connect your maemo device to devel_adhoc.
* On the '''Menu Bar''', click on the wireless icon and select the devel_adhoc network.
* If you configured '''WEP Key''' for your Maemo device, the Mac OS X asks you to write that key at this point.
* The wireless icon should change to inform that it is now connected.

= Using Configuration Environments =

With Maemo PC Connectivity, it is possible to use configuration environments for your Maemo device. For example, you can create an environment named Home that has the USB connection and the NFS disk mounts configured, and an environment named Office that has the WLAN connection and the SBRSH tool configured. When you are at home you can select a Home environment for your Maemo device and all previously stored connection and tool configurations in the Home environment are restored for your Maemo device.

To create or modify new configuration environments for your Maemo device you need to launch the Environment Manager widget, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_env_create|3.29]].

{| summary="Environment Manager"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.29:''' Environment Manager
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_env_create.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_env_create]]
|}

To create a new environment you should follow these steps:

* Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''.
* Click on the '''Advanced''' button.
* Click on the '''...''' button.
* Click on the '''New''' button.
* Set the environment name. For example, '''Home''', and click on the '''Ok''' button.
* Configure connections and tools to be used with this environment. For example, USB connection and NFS tool.
* Click on the '''Save''' button.

After you have created new environments, you can switch between them using the Connection Switcher widget, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_switcher_env|3.30]].

{| summary="Connection Switcher"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.30:''' Connection Switcher
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_switcher_env.png|Image mpc_maemo_switcher_env]]
|}

To change between stored environments using Connection Switcher:

* Run Connection Switcher from the status bar.
* Select an environment.

All stored configuration information for the chosen environment are applied to the Maemo device.

Also, the PC Connectivity Manager widget can be used to switch between stored environments, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_env_basic|3.31]].

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - Basic mode"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.31:''' PC Connectivity Manager - Basic mode
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_env_basic.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_env_basic]]
|}

* Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''.
* Select an environment.
* Click on the '''Apply''' button.

You can modify stored configuration environments with the PC Connectivity Manager widget in its '''Advanced''' mode, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_env_advanced|3.32]].

{| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - Advanced mode"
|+ align="BOTTOM" |'''Figure 3.32:''' PC Connectivity Manager - Advanced mode
|-
|
[[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_env.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_env]]
|}

* Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''.
* Click on the '''Advanced''' button.
* Change the environment configuration. For example, USB connection and/or X11VNC tool.
* Click on the '''Apply''' button. All configurations, including changes, are saved and applieds

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@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
-== Connection Establishment ==
+= Configuration =
+= Connection Establishment =
 On a Maemo device, connections can be easily configured using Maemo PC Connectivity applets. It is possible to configure a Maemo device to use USB, Bluetooth and WLAN connection types.
@@ Line 11: / Line 13: @@
 On the host PC side (Linux, Windows and Mac OS X), the Host PC Connectivity product provides some tools to make it easier to configure the chosen connection type between the Maemo device and the host PC. Next the configuration of each supported connection type (USB, Bluetooth and WLAN) between the Maemo device and host PC are described briefly.
-=== Configuring USB Network ===
+== Configuring USB Network ==
 For Maemo Diablo devices, the USB connection has been configured to '''Mass storage''' mode by default. That is, when connected to a host PC via USB cable, the Maemo device is visible as a memory card for the host PC.
@@ Line 40: / Line 42: @@
 |}
-The description of how to setup a USB connection to Mass storage, PC Suite and Host modes is skipped, since the configuration is simply to select and apply the desired mode on a Maemo device using Maemo PC Connectivity. Next, it is explained how to configure a USB network over TCP/IP between a Maemo device and host PC through Maemo PC Connectivity. Before that, you must install the <code>maemo-pc-connectivity</code> meta package on the Maemo device and the <code>host-pc-connectivity</code> package on the host PC (Linux, Windows and Mac OS).
+The description of how to setup a USB connection to Mass storage, PC Suite and Host modes is skipped, since the configuration is simply to select and apply the desired mode on a Maemo device using Maemo PC Connectivity. Next, it is explained how to configure a USB network over TCP/IP between a Maemo device and host PC through Maemo PC Connectivity. Before that, you must install the <span><font face="monospace">maemo-pc-connectivity</font></span> meta package on the Maemo device and the <span><font face="monospace">host-pc-connectivity</font></span> package on the host PC (Linux, Windows and Mac OS).
-==== Configuring USB for Maemo devices ====
+=== Configuring USB for Maemo devices ===
 To set up a USB network for a Maemo device you need to start PC Connectivity Manager, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_nm_usb_basic|3.1]].
@@ Line 53: / Line 56: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_usb_basic.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_usb_basic]]
 |}
 Follow these steps to enable USB Networking:
-# Disconnect the USB cable from Maemo device
+* Disconnect the USB cable from Maemo device
-# Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''
+* Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''
-# Check '''USB''' option
+* Check '''USB''' option
-# Press '''Apply''' button
+* Press '''Apply''' button
-# Connect the USB cable to the host PC.
-# Press the '''Advanced''' button and PC Connectivity Manager switches to advanced mode, if you want to change the default values.
+* Connect the USB cable to the host PC.
-# Change network options such as DHCP Server, IP address, Gateway and Netmask.
+* Press the '''Advanced''' button and PC Connectivity Manager switches to advanced mode, if you want to change the default values.
-# Click on the '''Apply''' button.
+* Change network options such as DHCP Server, IP address, Gateway and Netmask.
+* Click on the '''Apply''' button.
 The USB Networking must have the following default values, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_nm_usb|3.2]].
 {| summary="PC Connectivity Manager USB Networking"
@@ Line 74: / Line 82: @@
 |}
-* '''DHCP Server:''' <code>enabled</code>
-* '''IP address:''' <code>192.168.2.15</code>
-* '''Gateway:''' <code>192.168.2.14</code>
+* '''DHCP Server:''' <span><font face="monospace">enabled</font></span>
-* '''Netmask:''' <code>255.255.255.0</code>
+* '''IP address:''' <span><font face="monospace">192.168.2.15</font></span>
+* '''Gateway:''' <span><font face="monospace">192.168.2.14</font></span>
+* '''Netmask:''' <span><font face="monospace">255.255.255.0</font></span>
 Once you have configured your USB Network using PC Connectivity Manager, you can enable or disable it easily by using Connection Switcher from the status bar, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_switcher_usb|3.3]].
 {| summary="Connection Switcher dialog"
@@ Line 87: / Line 99: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_switcher_usb.png|Image mpc_maemo_switcher_usb]]
 |}
 If you prefer, you can follow the steps below to configure USB Network manually for a Maemo device (Diablo):
 * Run '''Utilities - X Terminal'''
-* Type <code>sudo gainroot</code>
+* Type <span><font face="monospace">sudo gainroot</font></span>
-* Type <code>insmod /mnt/initfs/lib/modules/2.6.21-omap1/g_ether.ko</code>
+* Type <span><font face="monospace">insmod /mnt/initfs/lib/modules/2.6.21-omap1/g_ether.ko</font></span>
-* Edit the <code>/etc/network/interfaces</code> file to configure the IP address of the <code>usb0</code> interface:
+* Edit the <span><font face="monospace">/etc/network/interfaces</font></span> file to configure the IP address of the <span><font face="monospace">usb0</font></span> interface:
-The <code>/etc/network/interfaces</code> file should have following entries in it:
+The <span><font face="monospace">/etc/network/interfaces</font></span> file should have following entries in it:
   auto usb0
@@ Line 102: / Line 116: @@
   netmask 255.255.255.0
-* Type <code>ifup usb0</code>
+* Type <span><font face="monospace">ifup usb0</font></span>
 * Plug in the USB cable
@@ Line 108: / Line 122: @@
 * Run '''Utilities - X Terminal'''
-* Type <code>sudo gainroot</code>
+* Type <span><font face="monospace">sudo gainroot</font></span>
-* Type <code>ifdown usb0</code>
+* Type <span><font face="monospace">ifdown usb0</font></span>
-* Type <code>rmmod g_ether</code>
+* Type <span><font face="monospace">rmmod g_ether</font></span>
-==== Configuring USB for Linux ====
+=== Configuring USB for Linux ===
-If you install the <code>host-pc-connectivity</code> package, your Linux host PC is ready for USB Network.
+If you install the <span><font face="monospace">host-pc-connectivity</font></span> package, your Linux host PC is ready for USB Network.
 Otherwise, you can configure your Linux host PC manually following the steps below:
-On Ubuntu, you need to edit the <code>/etc/udev/rules.d/85-ifupdown.rules</code> file and replace the following line:
+On Ubuntu, you need to edit the <span><font face="monospace">/etc/udev/rules.d/85-ifupdown.rules</font></span> file and replace the following line:
   SUBSYSTEM=="net", DRIVERS=="?*", GOTO="net_start"
@@ Line 126: / Line 140: @@
   SUBSYSTEM=="net", GOTO="net_start"
-If this workaround is not done, the <code>usb0</code> interface does not get its IP address back when you unplug and plug back the Maemo device to the host PC. Therefore, you must restart the network manually with the command <code>/etc/init.d/networking restart</code> to get the <code>usb0</code> IP address back. This is a known issue on Ubuntu (see the related bug report [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ifupdown/+bug/130437 here]).
+If this workaround is not done, the <span><font face="monospace">usb0</font></span> interface does not get its IP address back when you unplug and plug back the Maemo device to the host PC. Therefore, you must restart the network manually with the command <span><font face="monospace">/etc/init.d/networking restart</font></span> to get the <span><font face="monospace">usb0</font></span> IP address back. This is a known issue on Ubuntu (see the related bug report [https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/ifupdown/+bug/130437 here]).
 On Debian, this workaround is not needed.
-Add the following lines to the network configuration file <code>/etc/network/interfaces</code>:
+Add the following lines to the network configuration file <span><font face="monospace">/etc/network/interfaces</font></span><nowiki>: </nowiki>
-<pre>
+ auto usb0
-auto usb0
+ allow-hotplug usb0
-allow-hotplug usb0
-mapping hotplug
+ mapping hotplug
-script grep
+ script grep
-map usb0
+ map usb0
-iface usb0 inet dhcp
+ iface usb0 inet dhcp
-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.15 -j MASQUERADE
+ up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.15 -j MASQUERADE
-up echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
+ up echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.15 -j MASQUERADE
+ down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.2.15 -j MASQUERADE
-down echo 0 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
+ down echo 0 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
-</pre>
-You can now connect the USB cable. With this configuration, you ensure that the <code>ifup usb0</code> command sets up the IP address correctly on the host PC since it is using DHCP. Also, it allows a Maemo device to access the Internet from the host PC through the <code>usb0</code> interface.
+You can now connect the USB cable. With this configuration, you ensure that the <span><font face="monospace">ifup usb0</font></span> command sets up the IP address correctly on the host PC since it is using DHCP. Also, it allows a Maemo device to access the Internet from the host PC through the <span><font face="monospace">usb0</font></span> interface.
 If you are using VMware:
 * Connect USB cable.
-* Go to '''VMware - Devices - Netchip RNDIS/Ethernet Gadget''' and click on the '''Connect (Disconnect from host)''' option. If VMware hangs, unplug the USB cable and wait for a short period of time. You get two <code>device in use</code> error messages, one from Native OS and another from VMware (likely because of automatic USB Mass Storage mode).
+* Go to '''VMware - Devices - Netchip RNDIS/Ethernet Gadget''' and click on the '''Connect (Disconnect from host)''' option. If VMware hangs, unplug the USB cable and wait for a short period of time. You get two <span><font face="monospace">device in use</font></span> error messages, one from Native OS and another from VMware (likely because of automatic USB Mass Storage mode).
 * Connect the USB cable. Repeat the previous steps if any problems are encountered.
-Invoke the <code>sudo ifdown usb0</code> and <code>sudo ifup usb0</code> commands. The down/up sequence ensures that the host PC attempts to reconnect the <code>usb0</code> interface.
+Invoke the <span><font face="monospace">sudo ifdown usb0</font></span> and <span><font face="monospace">sudo ifup usb0</font></span> commands. The down/up sequence ensures that the host PC attempts to reconnect the <span><font face="monospace">usb0</font></span> interface.
-If this results in a lot of <code>Failed to bring up usb0</code> errors, try again a few times. There can be a delay until the host PC and Maemo device become aware of each other. If it does not succeed but no error message is displayed, you can unplug and plug back the USB cable.
+If this results in a lot of <span><font face="monospace">Failed to bring up usb0</font></span> errors, try again a few times. There can be a delay until the host PC and Maemo device become aware of each other. If it does not succeed but no error message is displayed, you can unplug and plug back the USB cable.
-Test the <code>usb0</code> connection with the following command <code>ping 192.168.2.15</code>
+Test the <span><font face="monospace">usb0</font></span> connection with the following command <span><font face="monospace">ping 192.168.2.15</font></span>
 If you do not get the ping working, try again a few times. This can be an annoying process, especially in VMware where the USB connection may be automatically configured to Mass Storage mode every time you plug the USB cable into the host PC. It may even require restarting VMware in some cases.
-==== Configuring USB for Windows ====
+=== Configuring USB for Windows ===
-In order to get USB Networking functioning between a Windows host PC and a Diablo Maemo device, you must replace the original Diablo kernel with a new one that fixes some generic Linux USB Networking issues.
+In order to get USB Networking funtioning between a Windows host PC and a Diablo Maemo device, you must replace the original Diablo kernel with a new one that fixes some generic Linux USB Networking issues.
 To replace the Diablo kernel, follow these steps:
-* Download the file <code>diablo_kernel_usbnet_patch_windows_v0.4.zip</code> from [http://tablets-dev.nokia.com/maemo-dev-env-downloads.php Maemo Development Environment Downloads] page.
+* Download the file <span><font face="monospace">diablo_kernel_usbnet_patch_windows_v0.4.zip</font></span> from [http://tablets-dev.nokia.com/maemo-dev-env-downloads.php Maemo Development Environment Downloads] page.
 * Unzip the file.
 * Replace the Diablo kernel by reflashing it using the flasher-3.5 application from the same [http://tablets-dev.nokia.com/maemo-dev-env-downloads.php Maemo Development Environment Downloads] page.
@@ Line 183: / Line 195: @@
 |}
-After reflashing the kernel to the Maemo Diablo device and installing the <code>PC-Connectivity.exe</code> package to the host PC, your Windows host PC is ready for USB Network. That is, Windows detects and configures the Maemo device automatically when you plug in the USB cable. Remember to activate USB Network on your Maemo device before plugging the cable into the Windows host PC.
+After reflashing the kernel to the Maemo Diablo device and installing the <span><font face="monospace">PC-Connectivity.exe</font></span> package to the host PC, your Windows host PC is ready for USB Network. That is, Windows detects and configures the Maemo device automatically when you plug in the USB cable. Remember to activate USB Network on your Maemo device before plugging the cable into the Windows host PC.
 If you did not enable the '''DHCP''' option for the Maemo device, you need to configure the USB Network address for the host PC through the application available on the Windows Start menu '''Start - Programs - PC-Connectivity - UsbNetworking''', figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_app|3.4]].
 {| summary="USB Network address on Windows"
@@ Line 194: / Line 208: @@
 |}
-If you do not install the <code>PC-Connectivity</code> package, you have to configure the USB network manually on your Windows host PC. For that, you must follow the steps below:
+If you do not install the <span><font face="monospace">PC-Connectivity</font></span> package, you have to configure the USB network manually on your Windows host PC. For that, you must follow the steps below:
 * Activate USB Network on the Maemo device.
@@ Line 201: / Line 217: @@
 In the '''Found New Hardware Wizard''', figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_device_found|3.5]], proceed as follows:
 {| summary="Windows Found New Hardware Wizard"
@@ Line 208: / Line 226: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_usb_device_found.png|Image mpc_win_usb_device_found]]
 |}
 * Select the '''No, not this time''' option. Click on the '''Next''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_device_found|3.5]].
@@ Line 214: / Line 234: @@
 * Click on the '''Next''' button, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_usb_choose_driver|3.6]].
 * Select the '''Network adapters''' option. Click on the '''next''' button (optional screen).
-* Select the '''Have disk''' option. Then, Click on the '''Browser''' button, select the driver (<code>.inf</code> file) and click on the '''OK''' button. The driver is available inside the zip file that was used to fix the Diablo kernel (<code>diablo_kernel_usbnet_patch_windows_v0.4.zip</code>).
+* Select the '''Have disk''' option. Then, Click on the '''Browser''' button, select the driver (<span><font face="monospace">.inf</font></span> file) and click on the '''OK''' button. The driver is available inside the zip file that was used to fix the Diablo kernel (<span><font face="monospace">diablo_kernel_usbnet_patch_windows_v0.4.zip</font></span>).
 * Follow the next steps as with a normal driver installation.
 The new USB Network interface is available on the '''Start - Network Connections''' menu.
 {| summary="Windows Search and Installation options for USB"
@@ Line 225: / Line 247: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_usb_choose_driver.png|Image mpc_win_usb_choose_driver]]
 |}
 {|
@@ Line 232: / Line 256: @@
 |}
-To check if the connection is working, go to Windows command prompt and type <code>ping 192.168.2.15</code>.
+To check if the connection is working, go to Windows command prompt and type <span><font face="monospace">ping 192.168.2.15</font></span>.
 {| summary="Manual IP Network configuration dialog for USB"
@@ Line 241: / Line 267: @@
 |}
-==== Configuring USB for Mac OS X ====
+=== Configuring USB for Mac OS X ===
 To enable USB Network to work on Mac OS X you can follow these steps:
@@ Line 250: / Line 278: @@
 * Click on the '''Network Preferences''' button.
 * Click on the '''Apply''' button. Now, you should be able to connect to your Maemo device.
 {| summary="New network interface found pop-up dialog"
@@ Line 257: / Line 287: @@
 [[Image:mpc_mac_usb_pop_up.png|Image mpc_mac_usb_pop_up]]
 |}
 {|
 |-
 | [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
-| '''Note:'''  If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, you need to set up the USB network address manually on '''Network panel'''. For example, <code>IP address: 192.168.2.14</code> <code>Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0</code>, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_usb_tcp_properties|3.9]].
+| '''Note:'''  If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, you need to set up the USB network address manually on '''Network panel'''. For example, <span><font face="monospace">IP address: 192.168.2.14</font></span> <span><font face="monospace">Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0</font></span>, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_usb_tcp_properties|3.9]].
 |}
 {| summary="Network panel configuration dialog"
@@ Line 271: / Line 305: @@
 |}
-=== Configuring Bluetooth Network ===
+== Configuring Bluetooth Network ==
 With Maemo PC Connectivity, you can configure a Bluetooth network between a Maemo device and a host PC by setting up connection attributes like IP address, network mask, and so on. For that, you have to first install Maemo PC Connectivity to the Maemo device and Host PC Connectivity to the host PC (Linux, Windows or Mac OS X).
-==== Configuring Bluetooth for Maemo device ====
+=== Configuring Bluetooth for Maemo device ===
 In order to set up a Bluetooth network for a Maemo device, you should follow these steps:
@@ Line 287: / Line 323: @@
 * The default settings are presented below, you can change them if needed.
 * Finally, click on '''Apply''' to enable the Bluetooth network.
 {| summary="PC Connectivity Manager Bluetooth configuration"
@@ Line 294: / Line 332: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth]]
 |}
 Default values for Maemo device Bluetooth configuration are:
-* '''DHCP Server:''' <code>enabled</code>
+* '''DHCP Server:''' <span><font face="monospace">enabled</font></span>
-* '''IP address:''' <code>192.168.3.15</code>
+* '''IP address:''' <span><font face="monospace">192.168.3.15</font></span>
-* '''Gateway:''' <code>192.168.3.14</code>
+* '''Gateway:''' <span><font face="monospace">192.168.3.14</font></span>
-* '''Netmask:''' <code>255.255.255.0</code>
+* '''Netmask:''' <span><font face="monospace">255.255.255.0</font></span>
 * '''Bluetooth address:''' empty (you should search the host PC to connect to), figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search|3.11]].
 {| summary="Searching Bluetooth devices dialog"
@@ Line 309: / Line 351: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_bluetooth_search]]
 |}
 Once you have configured your Bluetooth Network using PC Connectivity Manager, you can enable or disable it easily by using Connection Switcher from the status bar, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_switcher_bluetooth|3.12]].
 {| summary="Connection Switcher dialog"
@@ Line 319: / Line 365: @@
 |}
-==== Configuring Bluetooth for Linux ====
-After you have installed the <code>host-pc-connectivity</code> package for your Linux host PC, it is ready for the Bluetooth network.
+=== Configuring Bluetooth for Linux ===
+After you have installed the <span><font face="monospace">host-pc-connectivity</font></span> package for your Linux host PC, it is ready for the Bluetooth network.
 Or you can configure your Linux host PC manually for Bluetooth following the steps given below.
-Add these lines to the file <code>/etc/network/interfaces</code>:
+Add these lines to the file <span><font face="monospace">/etc/network/interfaces</font></span><nowiki>: </nowiki>
-<pre>
+ auto bnep0
-auto bnep0
+ iface bnep0 inet dhcp
-iface bnep0 inet dhcp
+ up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.15 -j MASQUERADE
-up iptables -t nat -A POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.15 -j MASQUERADE
+ up echo 1 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
-up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
+ down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.15 -j MASQUERADE
-down iptables -t nat -D POSTROUTING -s 192.168.3.15 -j MASQUERADE
+ down echo 0 &gt; /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
-down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
-</pre>
-Edit the file <code>/etc/default/bluetooth</code> and change these lines:
+Edit the file <span><font face="monospace">/etc/default/bluetooth</font></span> and change these lines:
-<pre>
+ BLUETOOTH_ENABLED=1
-BLUETOOTH_ENABLED=1
+ ...
-...
+ PAND_ENABLED=1
-PAND_ENABLED=1
+ ...
-...
+ PAND_OPTIONS="-listen -role=NAP -e bnep0"
-PAND_OPTIONS="-listen -role=NAP -e bnep0"
-</pre>
 Restart the Bluetooth service with the command:
@@ Line 352: / Line 396: @@
 Now your Linux host PC is ready for the Bluetooth network.
-==== Configuring Bluetooth for Windows ====
+=== Configuring Bluetooth for Windows ===
 The description of how to configure Bluetooth on a Windows host PC is based on [http://www.bluesoleil.com/ the BlueSoleil application]. BlueSoleil is one of the most popular Windows Bluetooth applications. If you do not use BlueSoleil, the screenshots below can differ from what you see in your host PC, but they can help in understanding what you need to change on your Windows configuration.
@@ Line 372: / Line 416: @@
 |-
 | [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
-| '''Note:'''  If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, type the following information for the network adapter: <code>IP address: 192.168.3.14</code> <code>Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0</code>, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_tcp|3.18]]
+| '''Note:'''  If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, type the following information for the network adapter: <span><font face="monospace">IP address: 192.168.3.14</font></span> <span><font face="monospace">Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0</font></span>, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_bluetooth_tcp|3.18]]
 |}
 {| summary="Bluetooth configuration menu"
@@ Line 381: / Line 427: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_tray.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_tray]]
 |}
 {| summary="Bluetooth Accessibility dialog"
@@ Line 388: / Line 438: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_accessibility.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_accessibility]]
 |}
 {| summary="Bluetooth Network Access entry"
@@ Line 395: / Line 449: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_services.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_services]]
 |}
 {| summary="Bluetooth Properties dialog"
@@ Line 402: / Line 460: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_properties.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_properties]]
 |}
 {| summary="Bluetooth Network properties dialog"
@@ Line 409: / Line 471: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_bluetooth_network.png|Image mpc_win_bluetooth_network]]
 |}
 {| summary="Network Adapter configuration dialog"
@@ Line 417: / Line 483: @@
 |}
-==== Configuring Bluetooth for Mac OS X ====
-After installing the <code>PC-Connectivity</code> package to the host PC, your Mac OS X is ready for the Bluetooth network.
+=== Configuring Bluetooth for Mac OS X ===
+After installing the <span><font face="monospace">PC-Connectivity</font></span> package to the host PC, your Mac OS X is ready for the Bluetooth network.
 Otherwise, you can configure your Mac OS host PC manually by following these steps.
@@ Line 432: / Line 500: @@
 |-
 | [[Image:dialog-information.png]]
-| '''Note:'''  If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, select the newly created '''Bluetooth PAN''' interface and use the '''Manually''' option in the '''Configure''' field. After that, type the following information: <code>IP address: 192.168.3.14</code> <code>Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0</code>, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_tcp|3.22]]
+| '''Note:'''  If you did not choose the DHCP option on the Maemo device, select the newly created '''Bluetooth PAN''' interface and use the '''Manually''' option in the '''Configure''' field. After that, type the following information: <span><font face="monospace">IP address: 192.168.3.14</font></span> <span><font face="monospace">Subnet mask: 255.255.255.0</font></span>, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_tcp|3.22]]
 |}
 {| summary="System Preferences dialog"
@@ Line 441: / Line 511: @@
 [[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_preferences.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_preferences]]
 |}
 {| summary="Adding new network interface"
@@ Line 448: / Line 522: @@
 [[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_add.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_add]]
 |}
 {| summary="Configuring new Bluetooth interface name"
@@ Line 455: / Line 533: @@
 [[Image:mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_name.png|Image mpc_mac_bluetooth_network_name]]
 |}
 {| summary="Configuring Bluetooth interface network"
@@ Line 463: / Line 545: @@
 |}
-=== Configuring a WLAN ad-hoc Network ===
+== Configuring a WLAN ad-hoc Network ==
 With Maemo PC Connectivity, you can configure a WLAN ad-hoc network for your Maemo device. You can set up connection attributes such as IP address, network mask, and so on.
-==== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for a Maemo device ====
+=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for a Maemo device ===
 To set up a WLAN ad-hoc network for your Maemo device, you need to perform the following configuration steps.
 In Control Panel, open the PC Connectivity Manager widget, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_wlan_basic|3.23]].
 {| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - basic mode"
@@ Line 479: / Line 565: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_wlan_basic.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_wlan_basic]]
 |}
 Select the '''WLAN''' check-box and press the '''Apply''' button. A new WLAN ad-hoc connection is created with the following configuration:
-* '''DHCP Server:''' <code>Enabled</code>
+* '''DHCP Server:''' <span><font face="monospace">Enabled</font></span>
-* '''IP Address:''' <code>192.168.4.14</code>
+* '''IP Address:''' <span><font face="monospace">192.168.4.14</font></span>
-* '''Gateway:''' <code>192.168.4.15</code>
+* '''Gateway:''' <span><font face="monospace">192.168.4.15</font></span>
-* '''Netmask:''' <code>255.255.255.0</code>
+* '''Netmask:''' <span><font face="monospace">255.255.255.0</font></span>
-* '''Essid:''' <code>devel_adhoc</code>
+* '''Essid:''' <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span>
 * '''WEP:''' key empty
@@ Line 497: / Line 585: @@
 |}
-The WEP key must have 5, 10 or 13 characters (For example: <code>aaaaa</code>).
+The WEP key must have 5, 10 or 13 characters (For example: <span><font face="monospace">aaaaa</font></span>).
 {| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - advanced mode"
@@ Line 505: / Line 595: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_wlan.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_wlan]]
 |}
 Once you have configured your WLAN ad-hoc Network using PC Connectivity Manager, you can enable or disable it easily using Connection Switcher from the status bar, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_switcher_wlan|3.25]].
 {| summary="Connection Switcher dialog"
@@ Line 515: / Line 609: @@
 |}
-==== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Linux ====
-The <code>iwconfig</code> command is the configuration utility in Linux for WLAN interfaces. It is used to set the parameters of the network interface, which are specific to the wireless operation. The <code>iwconfig</code> command may also be used to display the parameters and the wireless network statistics. It extracts this information from the <code>/proc/net/wireless</code> file. By typing the <code>iwconfig</code> command without any arguments, it displays the current status of all wireless interfaces on the system.
-To configure your host PC to connect with your Maemo device using a WLAN ad-hoc network, you should execute the following steps as <code>root</code> user:
+=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Linux ===
-<pre>
+The <span><font face="monospace">iwconfig</font></span> command is the configuration utility in Linux for WLAN interfaces. It is used to set the parameters of the network interface, which are specific to the wireless operation. The <span><font face="monospace">iwconfig</font></span> command may also be used to display the parameters and the wireless network statistics. It extracts this information from the <span><font face="monospace">/proc/net/wireless</font></span> file. By typing the <span><font face="monospace">iwconfig</font></span> command without any arguments, it displays the current status of all wireless interfaces on the system.
-$ ifconfig wlan0 up
-$ iwconfig wlan0 mode Ad-Hoc
+To configure your host PC to connect with your Maemo device using a WLAN ad-hoc network, you should execute the following steps as <span><font face="monospace">root</font></span> user:
-$ iwconfig wlan0 essid devel_adhoc
-$ iwconfig wlan0 key off
+ $ ifconfig wlan0 up
-</pre>
+ $ iwconfig wlan0 mode Ad-Hoc
+ $ iwconfig wlan0 essid devel_adhoc
+ $ iwconfig wlan0 key off
 {|
@@ Line 538: / Line 632: @@
   $ iwconfig wlan0 key 6161616161
-You must use the same WEP key you used for Maemo device configuration, but as hexadecimal digits (for example, <code>aaaaa</code> is <code>6161616161</code> in hexadecimal).
+You must use the same WEP key you used for Maemo device configuration, but as hexadecimal digits (for example, <span><font face="monospace">aaaaa</font></span> is <span><font face="monospace">6161616161</font></span> in hexadecimal).
-==== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Windows ====
+=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Windows ===
 To set up a WLAN ad-hoc network that allows others computers to connect to your Windows host PC, follow these steps.
-* Connect your Maemo device to <code>devel_adhoc</code>.
+* Connect your Maemo device to <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span>.
 * In the '''System Tray''', right click on the wireless icon. Select the '''View Available Wireless Networks''' option, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_tray|3.26]].
-* The '''Wireless Network Connection''' window displays the <code>devel_adhoc</code> network on the list. If you do not see <code>devel_adhoc</code>, click '''Refresh network list''' in the upper left corner, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_selection|3.27]].
+* The '''Wireless Network Connection''' window displays the <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span> network on the list. If you do not see <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span>, click '''Refresh network list''' in the upper left corner, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_selection|3.27]].
-* Select <code>devel_adhoc</code>, and then click on the '''Connect''' button.
+* Select <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span>, and then click on the '''Connect''' button.
 * If you configured the '''WEP Key''' for your Maemo device, the Windows asks you to write that key at this point, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_win_wlan_key|3.28]].
 {| summary="View Available Wireless Networks menu"
@@ Line 556: / Line 652: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_wlan_tray.png|Image mpc_win_wlan_tray]]
 |}
 {| summary="Choose a wireless network dialog"
@@ Line 563: / Line 663: @@
 [[Image:mpc_win_wlan_selection.png|Image mpc_win_wlan_selection]]
 |}
 {| summary="Wireless network key dialog"
@@ Line 571: / Line 675: @@
 |}
-==== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Mac OS X ====
+=== Configuring WLAN ad-hoc for Mac OS X ===
 To configure a WLAN ad-hoc network for your Mac OS X host PC, follow these steps.
-* Connect your maemo device to <code>devel_adhoc</code>.
+* Connect your maemo device to <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span>.
-* On the '''Menu Bar''', click on the wireless icon and select the <code>devel_adhoc</code> network.
+* On the '''Menu Bar''', click on the wireless icon and select the <span><font face="monospace">devel_adhoc</font></span> network.
 * If you configured '''WEP Key''' for your Maemo device, the Mac OS X asks you to write that key at this point.
 * The wireless icon should change to inform that it is now connected.
-== Using Configuration Environments ==
+= Using Configuration Environments =
-With Maemo PC Connectivity, it is possible to use configuration environments for your Maemo device. For example, you can create an environment named <code>Home</code> that has the USB connection and the NFS disk mounts configured, and an environment named <code>Office</code> that has the WLAN connection and the SBRSH tool configured. When you are at home you can select a <code>Home</code> environment for your Maemo device and all previously stored connection and tool configurations in the <code>Home</code> environment are restored for your Maemo device.
+With Maemo PC Connectivity, it is possible to use configuration environments for your Maemo device. For example, you can create an environment named <span><font face="monospace">Home</font></span> that has the USB connection and the NFS disk mounts configured, and an environment named <span><font face="monospace">Office</font></span> that has the WLAN connection and the SBRSH tool configured. When you are at home you can select a <span><font face="monospace">Home</font></span> environment for your Maemo device and all previously stored connection and tool configurations in the <span><font face="monospace">Home</font></span> environment are restored for your Maemo device.
 To create or modify new configuration environments for your Maemo device you need to launch the Environment Manager widget, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_env_create|3.29]].
 {| summary="Environment Manager"
@@ Line 592: / Line 700: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_env_create.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_env_create]]
 |}
 To create a new environment you should follow these steps:
@@ Line 604: / Line 714: @@
 After you have created new environments, you can switch between them using the Connection Switcher widget, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_switcher_env|3.30]].
 {| summary="Connection Switcher"
@@ Line 611: / Line 723: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_switcher_env.png|Image mpc_maemo_switcher_env]]
 |}
 To change between stored environments using Connection Switcher:
@@ Line 620: / Line 734: @@
 Also, the PC Connectivity Manager widget can be used to switch between stored environments, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_env_basic|3.31]].
 {| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - Basic mode"
@@ Line 627: / Line 743: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_env_basic.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_env_basic]]
 |}
 * Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''.
@@ Line 633: / Line 751: @@
 You can modify stored configuration environments with the PC Connectivity Manager widget in its '''Advanced''' mode, figure [[#fig:pc_connectivity_mpc_maemo_nm_env_advanced|3.32]].
 {| summary="PC Connectivity Manager - Advanced mode"
@@ Line 640: / Line 760: @@
 [[Image:mpc_maemo_nm_env.png|Image mpc_maemo_nm_env]]
 |}
 * Run '''Settings - Control Panel - Connectivity - PC Connectivity Manager'''.
 * Click on the '''Advanced''' button.
 * Change the environment configuration. For example, USB connection and/or X11VNC tool.
-* Click on the '''Apply''' button. All configurations, including changes, are saved and applied
+* Click on the '''Apply''' button. All configurations, including changes, are saved and applieds
 [[Category:Documentation]]