N900 GPS Reverse Engineering

m (Reverted edits by 121.127.46.146 (Talk) to last revision by sixwheeledbeast)
 
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acquire packets like:
acquire packets like:
  strace -p $(pidof location-daemon) -e read=6 2>&1|grep '| 000'
  strace -p $(pidof location-daemon) -e read=6 2>&1|grep '| 000'
 +
 +
alternatively you can capture them from the network interface, but this will include other modem information:
 +
tcpdump -i phonet0 -s 0 -w phonet.cap
== Packet Graph ==
== Packet Graph ==
Line 30: Line 33:
  | 000c0  09 08 00 0c xx xx xx xx  xx xx xx xx
  | 000c0  09 08 00 0c xx xx xx xx  xx xx xx xx
           DL----------------------------------
           DL----------------------------------
 +
 +
B9 BE 67 48 2D 08 AC 08 CC AF 0A EC 49 B5 C8 08 A8 0C 49 49 95 75 4C E8 8C 84 6B 8E EC 29 78 10 10 44 00 18 EF 8E EC 48 91 10 04 EA 18 EA 8E 8C A7 11 FE
=== Key ===
=== Key ===
Line 47: Line 52:
== Packet Analysis ==
== Packet Analysis ==
-
 
+
*??? = mode: The mode of the fix
 +
*??? = fields: A bitfield representing which items of this tuple contain valid data
 +
*00 = ISI sequence ID (seems to be always 0 for GPS)
 +
*01 = GPS Data Opcode (0x92)
*10,11 = time year
*10,11 = time year
*12 = time month
*12 = time month
Line 54: Line 62:
*16 = time minute
*16 = time minute
*18,19 = time seconds and milliseconds (in milliseconds)
*18,19 = time seconds and milliseconds (in milliseconds)
-
*20,21,22(,23?) = latitude / 360 * 256*256*256(*256?)
+
*1a,1b = *probably* ept: Time accuracy, but *always* 0, so no way to verify
-
*24,25,26(,27?) = longitude / 360 * 256*256*256(*256?)
+
*20,21,22,23 = latitude / 360 * 256*256*256*256
 +
*24,25,26,27 = longitude / 360 * 256*256*256*256
*28 =
*28 =
*2b,2c = 0590-12a9 (hex)
*2b,2c = 0590-12a9 (hex)
*2e,2f = eph (cm)
*2e,2f = eph (cm)
*30 =
*30 =
-
*35 =  
+
*32,33,,36,37 = altitude; ((p32;33) - (p36;37)) / 2 = meters
 +
*(34?,)35 = (double epv: Vertical position accuracy) * 2
*3c,3d = track: Direction of motion in hundredths of a degree
*3c,3d = track: Direction of motion in hundredths of a degree
*3e,3f = epd: Track accuracy (in hundredths?)
*3e,3f = epd: Track accuracy (in hundredths?)
-
*43 =
+
*42,43 = speed, in centimetres per second
-
*45 =
+
*44,45 = eps: speed accuracy, in centimetres per second
 +
*46,47 = climb: Current rate of climb in cm/s
 +
*48,4a = epc: Climb accuracy, in cm/s
 +
 
 +
== Protocol Details ==
 +
 
 +
NOTE: I am counting octets based on zero.
 +
 
 +
The actual packets are comprised of "sub-packets".
 +
The overall packet has a 12 byte header.
 +
The number of sub-packets is located at octet 8 (and possibly little-endian extended to octet 11).
 +
 
 +
Each subpacket has a 4 byte header:
 +
* Octet 0 is always 9
 +
* Octet 1 is the subpacket type
 +
* Octet 2 is always 0
 +
* Octet 3 is the length of the subpacket (which includes the subpacket header itself)
 +
 
 +
Subpacket 2 contains position information:
 +
* Octets 0-3 are the latitude
 +
* Octets 4-7 are the longitude
 +
* Octets 12-15 are "eph" (in centimetres)
 +
* Octets 18-23 are the altitude (and accuracy information)
 +
 
 +
Subpacket 3 contains date and time information:
 +
* Octets 0-1 are the year
 +
* Octet 2 is the month
 +
* Octet 3 is the day of month
 +
* Octet 5 is the hour
 +
* Octet 6 is the minute
 +
* Octets 8-9 are milliseconds (including seconds)
 +
* Octets 10-11 are the time accuracy
 +
 
 +
Subpacket 4 contains information on track, speed, and climb:
 +
* Octets 0-1 are track (direction of motion) in cm/sec
 +
* Octets 2-3 are the track accuracy
 +
* Octets 6-7 are the speed in cm/sec
 +
* Octets 8-9 are speed accuracy
 +
* Octets 8-11 are climb in cm/sec
 +
* Octets 12-13 are climb accuracy
 +
 
 +
Subpacket 5 contains satellite information:
 +
* Octet 0 is the number of sats visible
 +
* Beginning with octet 8, there are series of 12-octet info for each sat visible:
 +
** Octet 1 is the PRN
 +
** Octet 2 is 1 if the sat is being used, and 0 otherwise
 +
** Octets 3-4 are the signal strength
 +
** Octets 6-7 are the elevation
 +
** Octets 8-9 are the azimuth
 +
 
 +
Subpacket 7 contains information on the GSM cellular network:
 +
** Octets 0-1 contain the Mobile Country Code
 +
** Octets 2-3 contain the Mobile Network Code
 +
** Octets 4-5 contain the Location Area Code
 +
** Octets 6-7 contain the Cell ID
 +
 
 +
Subpacket 8 contains information on the WCDMA cellular network:
 +
** Octets 0-1 contain the Mobile Country Code
 +
** Octets 2-3 contain the Mobile Network Code
 +
** Octets 4-7 contain the UC ID
 +
 
 +
== Wireshark ==
 +
 
 +
[[User:sre|Sebastian Reichel]] writes a lowlevel library to access the N900's modem features and a wireshark plugin to analyze the packages. The information from above is currently only included in the Wireshark Plugin:
 +
 
 +
* [http://elektranox.org/n900/images/wireshark/04.png Screenshot]
 +
* [https://git.ring0.de/isi-wireshark-plugin/ Plugin]
 +
 
 +
[http://maemo.org/profile/view/luke-jr Luke Dashjr] wrote small program in C which show GPS data from phonet modem stack.
 +
 
 +
* [http://luke.dashjr.org/tmp/code/gps2.c gps2.c]
 +
 
 +
[[Category:N900 Hardware]]

Latest revision as of 09:40, 10 October 2023

acquire packets like:

strace -p $(pidof location-daemon) -e read=6 2>&1|grep '| 000'

alternatively you can capture them from the network interface, but this will include other modem information:

tcpdump -i phonet0 -s 0 -w phonet.cap

Contents

[edit] Packet Graph

| 00000  00 92 01 00 00 00 00 xx  05 00 00 00 09 03 00 10
         S------------------- T4  DL S-------------------
| 00010  07 da 07 15 00 xx xx 00  xx xx 00 00 09 02 00 1c
         S------------- TL TS --        S----------------
| 00020  xx xx xx xx xx xx xx xx  00 00 xx xx 00 00 08 8b
         DL---       DL--- TS     S----       S---- ^eph^
| 00030  xx 00 xx xx xx xx xx xx  09 04 00 14 62 7e xx xx
            S- DL TS---    DL MS  S---------- track SS---
| 00040  xx xx 00 xx xx xx 00 xx  00 xx 00 00 09 05 00 74
         DL--- S-    TL    S- DS  S- DS S------------- DL
| 00050  09 00 00 00 00 02 xx xx  00 xx xx xx xx xx 00 00
         DL S---------- T4--- MS  S- TS--- I  TS MI S----
| 00060  00 04 xx xx xx xx xx xx  xx xx 00 00 00 xx xx xx
         S- T4 T3 TS S- TL TS MS  TS MD S------- T4 TS---
| 00070  00 xx xx xx xx xx 00 00  00 xx xx xx 00 03 xx xx
         S- TS--- I  TS MS S-------- T3 MS MS S- DL TS MS
| 00080  xx xx 00 00 00 xx xx xx  00 xx xx xx xx xx 00 00
         TS MD S------- T3 TS MS  S- TS--- MS TS MI S----
| 00090  00 xx xx xx 00 03 xx xx  xx xx 00 00 00 xx xx xx
         S- TS------ S- DL TS MD  TS MS S------- TS SS+TS
| 000a0  00 xx xx xx xx xx 00 00  00 xx xx xx 00 xx xx xx
         S- TL TS MS TS MD S-------- TS------ S- TL TS MI
| 000b0  xx xx 00 00 00 xx xx xx  00 xx xx xx xx xx 00 00
         TS--- S------- TS--- MS  S- TS--- MI TS MS S----
| 000c0  09 08 00 0c xx xx xx xx  xx xx xx xx
         DL----------------------------------

B9 BE 67 48 2D 08 AC 08 CC AF 0A EC 49 B5 C8 08 A8 0C 49 49 95 75 4C E8 8C 84 6B 8E EC 29 78 10 10 44 00 18 EF 8E EC 48 91 10 04 EA 18 EA 8E 8C A7 11 FE

[edit] Key

  • S = Static, unchanging normally
  • MS = Mostly static, varying in value normally slightly
  • SS = Sometimes static, completely different values sometimes
  • I = Incrementing
  • MI = Incrementing, but not every packet
  • D = Decrementing
  • MD = Decrementing, but not every packet
  • TS = Time-sensitive; changes over (short) durations of time
  • TL = Time-sensitive, longer duration
  • T3 = "
  • T4 = ", overnight
  • DS = Distance-sensitive; changes over at least 30m distance
  • DL = Distance-sensitive, like across the world

[edit] Packet Analysis

  • ??? = mode: The mode of the fix
  • ??? = fields: A bitfield representing which items of this tuple contain valid data
  • 00 = ISI sequence ID (seems to be always 0 for GPS)
  • 01 = GPS Data Opcode (0x92)
  • 10,11 = time year
  • 12 = time month
  • 13 = time day
  • 15 = time hour
  • 16 = time minute
  • 18,19 = time seconds and milliseconds (in milliseconds)
  • 1a,1b = *probably* ept: Time accuracy, but *always* 0, so no way to verify
  • 20,21,22,23 = latitude / 360 * 256*256*256*256
  • 24,25,26,27 = longitude / 360 * 256*256*256*256
  • 28 =
  • 2b,2c = 0590-12a9 (hex)
  • 2e,2f = eph (cm)
  • 30 =
  • 32,33,,36,37 = altitude; ((p32;33) - (p36;37)) / 2 = meters
  • (34?,)35 = (double epv: Vertical position accuracy) * 2
  • 3c,3d = track: Direction of motion in hundredths of a degree
  • 3e,3f = epd: Track accuracy (in hundredths?)
  • 42,43 = speed, in centimetres per second
  • 44,45 = eps: speed accuracy, in centimetres per second
  • 46,47 = climb: Current rate of climb in cm/s
  • 48,4a = epc: Climb accuracy, in cm/s

[edit] Protocol Details

NOTE: I am counting octets based on zero.

The actual packets are comprised of "sub-packets". The overall packet has a 12 byte header. The number of sub-packets is located at octet 8 (and possibly little-endian extended to octet 11).

Each subpacket has a 4 byte header:

  • Octet 0 is always 9
  • Octet 1 is the subpacket type
  • Octet 2 is always 0
  • Octet 3 is the length of the subpacket (which includes the subpacket header itself)

Subpacket 2 contains position information:

  • Octets 0-3 are the latitude
  • Octets 4-7 are the longitude
  • Octets 12-15 are "eph" (in centimetres)
  • Octets 18-23 are the altitude (and accuracy information)

Subpacket 3 contains date and time information:

  • Octets 0-1 are the year
  • Octet 2 is the month
  • Octet 3 is the day of month
  • Octet 5 is the hour
  • Octet 6 is the minute
  • Octets 8-9 are milliseconds (including seconds)
  • Octets 10-11 are the time accuracy

Subpacket 4 contains information on track, speed, and climb:

  • Octets 0-1 are track (direction of motion) in cm/sec
  • Octets 2-3 are the track accuracy
  • Octets 6-7 are the speed in cm/sec
  • Octets 8-9 are speed accuracy
  • Octets 8-11 are climb in cm/sec
  • Octets 12-13 are climb accuracy

Subpacket 5 contains satellite information:

  • Octet 0 is the number of sats visible
  • Beginning with octet 8, there are series of 12-octet info for each sat visible:
    • Octet 1 is the PRN
    • Octet 2 is 1 if the sat is being used, and 0 otherwise
    • Octets 3-4 are the signal strength
    • Octets 6-7 are the elevation
    • Octets 8-9 are the azimuth

Subpacket 7 contains information on the GSM cellular network:

    • Octets 0-1 contain the Mobile Country Code
    • Octets 2-3 contain the Mobile Network Code
    • Octets 4-5 contain the Location Area Code
    • Octets 6-7 contain the Cell ID

Subpacket 8 contains information on the WCDMA cellular network:

    • Octets 0-1 contain the Mobile Country Code
    • Octets 2-3 contain the Mobile Network Code
    • Octets 4-7 contain the UC ID

[edit] Wireshark

Sebastian Reichel writes a lowlevel library to access the N900's modem features and a wireshark plugin to analyze the packages. The information from above is currently only included in the Wireshark Plugin:

Luke Dashjr wrote small program in C which show GPS data from phonet modem stack.