N900 USB networking
This page describes how to enable Networking on the N900 via USB. The first part describes how to configure the N900 as a USB pluggable network device. The second part describes how to configure various platforms to use the Nokia N900 as a network device. This article is based on the Maemo 4.x USB networking article.
You might want to use the N900 as a USB network device to log into your N900 remotely, or to transfer data from your N900 to another computer, in a situation where wifi or bluetooth are not an option. If you wish to connect your N900 to a Linux machine over TCP/IP, the PC connectivity section in the Maemo SDK documentation also contains useful information.
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N900 USB network configuration
There is a default USB network interface configuration on Nokia N900. In the file /etc/network/interfaces, you should see a section which looks like this:
auto usb0
iface usb0 inet static
address 192.168.2.15
netmask 255.255.255.0
gateway 192.168.2.14
You can also add the following lines to set the default route correctly
up route del default
up route add default gw 192.168.2.14
and
up run-standalone.sh dbus-send --type=method_call --system --dest=com.nokia.icd /com/nokia/icd com.nokia.icd.connect string:DUMMY uint32:0
down run-standalone.sh dbus-send --system --dest=com.nokia.icd /com/nokia/icd_ui com.nokia.icd_ui.disconnect boolean:true
to properly set/reset the connection manager on connection/disconnection, especially if you have set up a DUMMY network as decribed later.
With this default configuration, the N900 USB interface will have the IP address 192.168.2.15, and the remote end will have the IP address 192.168.2.14. By default, the USB network interface on the N900 is configured. You need to install the package usb-network-modules.
Starting USB network mode
Plug one end of the USB cable on the host and the other end into the N900. The N900 will bring up the mode-selection dialog. Select 'PC Suite mode'.
Open a root shell in X Terminal on the N900 and activate the interface by executing the following:
sudo gainroot ifup usb0
If all went well, no errors will be displayed. The command 'ifconfig usb0' will give the following output:
Nokia-N900-42-11:~# ifconfig usb0
usb0 Link encap:Ethernet HWaddr F2:50:8F:04:1D:8B
inet addr:192.168.2.15 Bcast:192.168.2.255 Mask:255.255.255.0
UP BROADCAST RUNNING MULTICAST MTU:1500 Metric:1
RX packets:1021 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 frame:0
TX packets:2003 errors:0 dropped:0 overruns:0 carrier:0
collisions:0 txqueuelen:1000
RX bytes:86091 (84.0 KiB) TX bytes:2556598 (2.4 MiB)
You should also be able to ping 192.168.2.15
Nokia-N900-42-11:~# ping 192.168.2.15 PING 192.168.2.15 (192.168.2.15): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 192.168.2.15: seq=0 ttl=64 time=0.367 ms 64 bytes from 192.168.2.15: seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.214 ms ^C --- 192.168.2.15 ping statistics --- 2 packets transmitted, 2 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 0.214/0.290/0.367 ms
To automatically setup usb0 when entering PC suite mode change the last few lines of /usr/sbin/pcsuite-enable.sh by adding the "ifup usb0" line.
logger "$0: sent SIGUSR1 to syncd" ifup usb0 exit 0
And, to automatically down your usb0 interface when leaving PC suite mode, add to /usr/sbin/pcsuite-disable.sh
ifdown usb0 exit 0
In fact if you want to use the `Mail to exchange' feature to synchronize mail, calendar or contacts with an exchange server (such as Google mail) the 'PC suite mode' might block the exchange. So do not use it when connected in that mode, instead choose the 'charging only' mode instead. This mode can be achieved by choosing neither of the offers in the above menu. Simply tap above the menu to close it. This 'charging only' mode still gives you the usb0 interface provided that you initialized it once through the 'PC suite mode'.
If you can not ping the outside world (for example: local network works but Google does not), check your routing tables.
/home/user # route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 usb0 default 192.168.2.14 0.0.0.0 UG 0 0 0 usb0 default * 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 gprs0
If you have a situation like above where the cell network's packets are at a lower default priority, you might have to run the following to fix it:
/home/user # route del default /home/user # route Kernel IP routing table Destination Gateway Genmask Flags Metric Ref Use Iface 192.168.2.0 * 255.255.255.0 U 0 0 0 usb0 default * 0.0.0.0 U 0 0 0 gprs0 /home/user # ping google.com PING google.com (74.125.45.103): 56 data bytes 64 bytes from 74.125.45.103: seq=0 ttl=51 time=257.081 ms 64 bytes from 74.125.45.103: seq=1 ttl=51 time=236.481 ms 64 bytes from 74.125.45.103: seq=2 ttl=51 time=256.226 ms ^C --- google.com ping statistics --- 3 packets transmitted, 3 packets received, 0% packet loss round-trip min/avg/max = 236.481/249.929/257.081 ms
If after having fixed the routing table you still are not able to ping the outside world try to add a nameserver to /etc/resolv.conf
nameserver 127.0.0.1 # added Google DNS nameserver 8.8.8.8 nameserver 8.8.4.4
Stopping USB network mode
This is optional. It is not necessary to stop the interface after unplugging the USB cable.
However, to stop the USB interface, unplug the USB cable and execute the following in 'X Terminal'
sudo gainroot ifdown usb0
Fixing the MAC address
By default, the N900 sets a random MAC address for the USB interface every time you reboot. This makes some operating systems (Mac OS X) detect a new device whenever you connect the N900 and ask you to configure the network interface. The solutions is to set a fixed MAC address
sudo gainroot echo options g_nokia host_addr=00:11:22:33:44:55 > /etc/modprobe.d/g_nokia
After the next reboot your N900 will always be detected as the same device.
Host USB Network Configuration
The Host configuration is detailed in the Maemo 4.x USB Networking article. Please refer to it for details.
FIXME, there is no usb host mode on n900
Host configuration on Debian Lenny
Create the file in /etc/udev/rules.d/99-nokia-n900.rules and put in the following lines:
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0421", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01c8", ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Nokia", ATTRS{product}=="N900 (PC-Suite Mode)", NAME="n900"
#SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0421", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01c8", ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Nokia", ATTRS{product}=="N900 (PC-Suite Mode)", NAME="n900p"
Note that the udev configuration above may not work in Debian squeeze. This rule renames either the usb network interface (usb0) or the usb phone net interface (usbpn0) to interface called n900. Since the two rules above are identical, the choice is made seemingly at random. Making the rules more accurate by adding a DEVPATH key helps:
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.7/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.8/net/usb0", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0421", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01c8", ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Nokia", ATTRS{product}=="N900 (PC-Suite Mode)", NAME="n900"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", DEVPATH=="/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1a.7/usb1/1-2/1-2:1.0/net/usbpn0", ATTRS{idVendor}=="0421", ATTRS{idProduct}=="01c8", ATTRS{manufacturer}=="Nokia", ATTRS{product}=="N900 (PC-Suite Mode)", NAME="n900p"
Your DEVPATH may be different though, depending on which USB port is used on the host computer etc. You can use
udevadm monitor --kernel
while plugging in the N900 to see what is the correct path.
After adding the udev rules, you have to reload them with:
udevadm control --reload-rules
Then edit /etc/network/interfaces and add:
allow-hotplug n900
auto n900
iface n900 inet static
address 192.168.2.14
netmask 255.255.255.0
up iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
down iptables -D POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
Now put your USB cable in the PC and in the N900 and on the host. To check that everything is set up properly you can run:
ifconfig n900
Automatic configuration with Ubuntu 9.10
Note: this instructions should be fixed/improved:
Create the file in /etc/udev/rules.d/99-nokia-n900.rules and put in the following lines:
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ENV{ID_USB_DRIVER}=="cdc_ether", ENV{ID_MODEL}="N900__PC-Suite_Mode", ENV{ID_VENDOR}=="Nokia", NAME="n900"
SUBSYSTEM=="net", ACTION=="add", ENV{ID_USB_DRIVER}=="cdc_phonet", ENV{ID_MODEL}="N900__PC-Suite_Mode", ENV{ID_VENDOR}=="Nokia", NAME="n900pn"
Then edit /etc/network/interfaces and add:
auto n900
iface n900 inet static
address 192.168.2.14
netmask 255.255.255.0
up iptables -A POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
up echo 1 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
down iptables -D POSTROUTING -t nat -s 192.168.2.15/32 -j MASQUERADE
down echo 0 > /proc/sys/net/ipv4/ip_forward
finally you have to fix /etc/init/network-interface.conf, change the line:
stop on net-device-removed INTERFACE=$INTERFACE
with:
stop on net-device-remove INTERFACE=$INTERFACE
(Note the difference: net-device-removed)
You have to reload udev rules with:
udevadm control --reload-rules
Now put your USB cable in the PC and in the N900.
If you are unable to autoconnect through the networking applet, you may need to manually bring up the interface:
ifup n900
If all went fine:
- you should see with
ifconfig -atwo new network interfaces, n900 and n900pn, the first one configured with the proper ip address 192.168.2.15, and should be able to ping the N900. - the N900 should be able to use the PC internet connection immediately.
Windows
Windows USB networking does not work out of the box, but the old 770 workaround still works. So follow these steps:
- install the Mad Developer application and start it.
- click on "Manage Usb" and then on "Load g_ether"
- plug the device into the USB port. Windows will ask you to name a device driver for the RNDIS gadget. Select a device driver by hand and choose the "Nokia770 USB Ethernet RNDIS.inf" from the USB_networking page.
- Here is a modified inf file that should work on 64-bit Windows 7 and probably everything else that the old one fails on. Report results on the talk page!
- open a terminal on the N900 and get root access. Type
ifconfig usb0 192.168.0.1
- Now windows should display the network as connected. Set the PC IP address in the Windows connections dialog.
- Now you should be able to ping the device but not the other way round as Windows still filters the traffic. However everything else should work, e.g. MADDE
Mac OS X
OS X will detect a new network interface and ask you to configure it. Choose DHCP with manual address and set the IP address to 192.168.2.14
To use the Internet connection of your Mac via USB networking make sure to enable System Preferences -> Sharing -> Internet sharing for the N900 interface Howto
Using USB networking for Maemo applications
By default, standard network applications works well with USB networking, while Maemo-specific applications do not.
Install libicd-network-dummy from Fremantle Nokia-binaries repository or better libicd-network-null from extras-devel, and when USB networking is up pickup "Dummy network" from the connection manager.
If the dummy network does not show up in the network manager you could run
the following commands in xterm:
gconftool-2 -s -t string /system/osso/connectivity/IAP/DUMMY/type DUMMY gconftool-2 -s -t string /system/osso/connectivity/IAP/DUMMY/name "Dummy network"
and maybe
gconftool-2 -s -t string /system/osso/connectivity/IAP/DUMMY/autoconnect false
Then restart icd2:
killall icd2
or reboot the device.